Chukchi GX
Technology Corp GXT Completes Seismic for Beaufort East
. 11/14/2006 URL:
http://www.rigzone.com/news/article.asp?a_id=38171
GX Technology Corporation (GXT), a seismic imaging services provider
and a subsidiary of Input/Output, Inc., on Monday announced the
completion of acquisition for the Beaufort East and Chukchi phases of
its latest basin-scale seismic program, ArcticSpan.
The Beaufort East phase will provide high-resolution subsurface images
of prospective targets in the Mackenzie Delta region and its contiguous
continental margin of the Canada Basin, offshore Canada. The Chukchi
phase will provide a regional 2D seismic framework for the entire
Chukchi Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) area.
Mick Lambert, President of GX Technology, commented, "GXT has built one
of the most up-to-date seismic libraries in the industry. We are proud
to add ArcticSpan to our portfolio and look forward to helping our
customers locate the 30 billion barrels of oil equivalent that the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) estimates is undiscovered in the Mackenzie
Delta region of North America. Designed with the active participation
of regional experts, the program's goal is to offer E&P companies
valuable insights into this under- explored, high-potential offshore
region. We will continue to work in the region to help our customers
extract the maximum value from ArcticSpan and to provide them with
advanced processing services related to this data library in the years
ahead."
ArcticSpan is comprised of approximately 6,500 km of 2D data along the
northern coasts of Alaska and Canada. The program was designed to
transect key geologic features and improve geoscientists' understanding
of the depositional history of the area. Seismic data acquisition
involved very long offsets of 9,000 meters, record lengths of 18
seconds, and a specially designed seismic source to illuminate the
basin. GXT will use its advanced processing and depth imaging
techniques to deliver the structural framework in the depth domain with
an unprecedented ultra-deep focus. Clients will receive an
interpretation report with each dataset that is designed to help in
identifying potential play types and exploration prospects in the area.
GXT will commence delivery of the ArcticSpan dataset in time for
customers to analyze the data in advance of the Minerals Management
Service (MMS) Chukchi lease sale scheduled for November 2007.
GXT Spans are basin-scale, ultra-deep seismic data libraries that are
acquired and imaged using the most advanced geological and geophysical
technology available. Spans are custom designed to provide a holistic
understanding of petroleum systems including source rock deposition,
migration paths, sediment fairways, and reservoir trapping mechanisms.
GXT Spans exist for the Gulf of Mexico, the margin of West Africa and
for offshore basins in Colombia, India, Canada and the Caribbean. More
Spans are planned for key petroleum provinces around the world.
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Oil and gas in Chukotka
The Chukotsky Autonomous Okrug possesses one of the largest maritime
shelf systems in Russia. The quality of geological and geophysical
information on Chukotka's submerged continental shelf system is, for
the most part, insufficient. At present, the Chukotka Shelf has been
crudely surveyed using aeromagnetic, gravimetric and seismic profiling,
and in a very few cases, in the most promising areas of the Bering Sea,
more detailed geological investigation has been carried out. Thus, the
reached level of research conform with the initial phase of the
regional step.
Five potential hydrocarbon-bearing sedimentary basins have been
identified on the territory of the Chukotsky Autonomous Okrug and its
maritime shelf area: Anadyrsky, East-Khatyrsky, South-Chukotsky,
North-Chukotsky, and East-Siberian. All these basins are characterized
by their difficult accessibility, and also one-sided and a
comparatively low research degree. The two most viable maritime basins
in the Bering Sea at this time are the Anadyrsky and the Khatyrsksky.
The reserves in these two basins are already proven, although the
potential reserves in the remaining basins are also highly promising.
According to the results of geological prospecting in the continental
part of the basin many oil and gas structures are found out. At the
present time, the three most promising areas are shown up within the
basin: the Zapadno-Ozernyi, the Verkhne-Telekaisky and Lagunny.
Drilling licenses have been granted for all three, on conditions
allowing the completion of geological prospecting of earlier-discovered
oil and gas deposits and for their subsequent exploitation, as well as
for additional prospecting of the geological structure in these fields
in search of new oil and gas deposits. These licenses were granted in
1996 after winning a competitive tender placed by the Administration of
the Chukotsky Autonomous Okrug and the Chukotgeolkom (the regional
mineral resources committee) under the supervision of the Roskomnedr
(the federal mineral resources committee). The license were granted to
the winner for a period of 25 years. The Zapadno-Ozerny structure, with
a total area of 66,8 square kilometers. Here, 100 kilometers to the
south of Anadyr there is an analogous field—the Zapadno-Ozerny gas
field. Natural gas accumulations are located in relatively low-powered
layers between 1 and 17 meters thick, and at a depth of 360 to 942
meters.
Reclamation of this field is the main task for the Fuel Energy Complex
of Chukotka for next 5-7 years, as well as research of oil and gas
content of the Anadyrsky part of the Bering Sea shelf. This will make
it possible to solve a problem of Chukotka's self-supply with
hydrocarbon fuel in observable future. Herein, the level of planned oil
and gas mining, in perspective, must also provide considerable
hydrocarbons export for covering costs and getting benefits that, in
principle, must cause for development of Chukotka's economy.
At specialists' point of view gas forecasting resources of the region
are estimated in 25 billion cubic meters. The volume of explored
reserves of freely extracted gas at the territory of the Chukotsky
Autonomous Okrug comprise 11,8 milliards cubic meters. It allows to
provide internal needs of the region for the middle-term and long-term
perspectives.
The Zapadno-Ozerny gas field is able to meet Anadyr's and neighboring
localities' heat and energy needs during several decades. Construction
of a gas thermoelectric plant will assist to solving the Okrug's energy
and social problems, and will also improve the ecology situation in the
region. To provide construction and start-up of the gas thermoelectric
plant financial investments in the sum of 1,5 milliard rubles will be
neded.
As a result of carrying out a complex of works by 2005 a resource base
with stocks growth, including oil, condensate and gas stocks, can be
explored. Besides, fundamentally new large objects in the northern seas
must be found. Financing geological exploration works is necessary to
be made, mostly, on the account of the federal budget—from compensation
rates, left for the territory, and also partially from private
investments.
At the present time, the company “Sibneft-Chukotka” (a subsidiary
company of the “Sibneft Noyabrskneftegaz”, registered in Anadyr) is
carrying out explorative drilling in the Lakhtaksk structure, located
in the Lagunnyi deflection of the Anadyrsky sedimentary basin. The
objective of this work is to clarify the sedimentary structure of the
Lagunnyi deflection and determine the location of hydrocarbon deposits.
The company is also actively preparing to undertake exploration work
(seismic and drilling) in another five promising locations. Three of
these—the Severo-Lagunnyi, Beringovsky and Tsentralnyi—are located
within the limits of the Anadyr basin. The first of these is located in
the coastal region of the basin, and the other two are located on the
maritime shelf. The final two areas are located in the Khatyrsky basin.
In the final analysis, there is no doubt that Chukotka's hydrocarbon
wealth will become a major asset in the energy economy of Russia's
Northeast. However, in the immediate future, in order to attract
sufficient investment and provide for the needs of the population, a
reliable transport infrastructure is vital. Without this, the movement
of needed goods and equipment to the region, necessary for the program
of exploration and exploitation out-lined above, will be seriously
hampered. To this end, logistical improvements in the shipping sector
must be carried out, including better navigation and hydrographic
services along shipping routes and better port services on the Chukotka
peninsula. The reconstruction of the Bering seaport and the deepening
of the harbor are ongoing, in order to improve cargo loading and
handling from the piers.
Chukotka's success in attracting business partnerships, investment and
international business expertise is an important goal. This has the
potential to generate a situation in which investors themselves,
bringing resources to the region for further petroleum exploration,
will help to further expand Chukotka's petroleum potential.
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Beringovskii Coal Port
(almost year-round, as the sea is nearly ice-free)
Created in 1957
The Beringovskii Region is particularly rich in mineral deposits
associated with sedimentary formations — coal, oil and gas. These
deposits are of considerable size, especially if one includes those
located under the offshore shelf. The only ferrous mineral deposit of
note in the region is platinum, found in the coal in the extreme west
of the region.
Beringovskii is among Chukotka’s smaller regions, and is fully exposed
to the influence of the Bering Sea, along the shores of which it is
located. The region’s total population is 2782, and the administrative
centre is the settlement of Nagornyi, with a population of 1711.
Although Beringovskii is Chukotka’s most southerly region, its climate
is far from the mildest — snow lies on the ground until at least July.
From a geological perspective, Beringovskii Region is the youngest in
Chukotka — the larger part of this territory is a recent addition,
having emerged from the Bering Sea. Earthquakes are frequent, and the
region is home well-known hotsprings and geysers.
The Beringovskii Region is particularly rich in mineral deposits
associated with sedimentary formations — coal, oil and gas. These
deposits are of considerable size, especially if one includes those
located under the offshore shelf. The only ferrous mineral deposit of
note in the region is platinum, found in the coal in the extreme west
of the region.
There are three villages in the region containing state farms. The
first of these — Al’katvaam — is located close to the regional centre
Nagornyi and is connected by an all-season road. The remaining two —
Meinypil’gino and Khatyrka — are located on the southern shore, and
transport to them in by sea (almost year-round, as the sea is nearly
ice-free), winter road, and helicopter. With minor alternations, the
airports of the two southern villages would be capable of handling
medium-sized aircraft.
Coal mining, energy production and food production are the three most
important branches of the Beringovskii Region’s economy, and there is a
seaport. Both trade and agriculture are under-developed, and there is
no gold mining in the region.
The largest enterprise in the region is the coalmine
«Nagornaya», which produced for sale 67,500 tonnes of coal
in 2001. Potential for economic growth in this region is linked to the
coal-mining sector, but in order to increase production to the point
that export beyond Chukotka would be economical, the mine requires
reconstruction.
In addition, Beringovskii Region’s seaport and ocean-going fleet
requires repair, and piers for large cargo ships carrying coal must be
built. Part of a larger economic revival must also include the
reconstruction and re-tooling of the Beringovskii Region’s
Electrical-Generating Station and the regional electricity grid, as
well as the reconstruction of the regional food plant. Finally,
measures must be taken to combat the problem of unemployment and
stabilize the local economy in the indigenous villages of the region.
Indigenous Chukchi comprise 40 percent of the region’s population.
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Chukotka Government
May Buy Geological Company
2004 - Yulia Prokhorova.
"GeoRegion" geological company signed a contract with the Chukotka
government on subsurface exploration.
Though the company is supposed to be financed by the federal budget, it
has not received any resources during several years. Moreover, the
governmental order has not been approved by the Ministry of Natural
Resources. The government of Chukotka provided 23 million rubles for
geological works in three locations, which will support GeoRegion's
operations for the whole of 2004. Further prospects are vague. There is
a likelihood that the company will be auctioned off and converted to a
joint-stock company. The most likely buyer is the Chukotka government
interested in continued geological exploration works.
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"...to unite Chukotka
with the United States” Security Council of the Russian Federation
was studying, “a carefully
planned long term system of measures to annex Chukotka from Russia and
unite it with the United States” In August 2000, Izvestiya reported
that articles had appeared in Vecherny
Magadan announcing that the
(Chukotka is anautonomous region within Magadan right across the Bering
Strait from Alaska).
A follow up articlein Vecherny Magadan asserted that American
Protestant missionaries in Chukotka were striving to accomplish this
annexation by converting the local population.
According to Keston News Service, both Russian Orthodox Bishop Anatoly
of Magadan andChukotka and the governor of Magadan Oblast, Valentin
Tsvetkov, agree that foreign missionaries pose a threat.
Governor Tsvetkov reportedly wrote an article in 1998 accusing foreign
missionaries of spending enormous amounts of money with the main goal
being “not at all religious education, but control over the region and
its natural wealth.”
The head of the local FSB was quoted as sayingthat, “Many religious
organizations in Magadan have been created with the help of foreign
organizations.
The question arises: is this really for selfless motives?”
The leader of the Pentecostal Word of Life Church reported that he and
his congregation have been accused of being foreign spies, and that
since the congregation won a court case against prosecutors seeking to
cancel its registration, Pentecostals have been beaten and harassed,
especially after they sent information about their plight to theUS
Consulate in Vladivostok.
The October 19, 2000 issue of the nationally distributed KPRF newspaper
Sovetskaya Rossiy accused Jewish “oligarch” Roman Abramovich of
plotting to hand over Chukotka to the US under Page 7, 161 Antisemitism
in Russia’s Regions1999 - 2000 the guise of promoting ties between the
native Chukchi and Alaskan Eskimos.
Mr. Abramovich has announced his candidacy for governor of the region.
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Chukotka is practically
bankrupt 14 May 2004
Audit Chamber Goes After Chukotka And Its Governor
Sergei Ryabuchin, an auditor for the Audit Chamber, made public on 20
May an audit into the financial status of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug,
which is led by Governor and oligarch Roman Abramovich, according to
which the okrug is insolvent, RTR and NTV reported on 20 and 21 May.
According to Ryabuchin, Chukotka's debts to the federal budget have
reached 9.3 billion rubles ($320 million), more than double its annual
revenues of 3.9 billion rubles.
"The region is practically bankrupt," he said. Ryabuchin also said that
Abramovich is personally responsible for illegal wage hikes given to
doctors, teachers, and other public-sector workers.
He added that his agency has handed over the audit documentation to the
Prosecutor-General's Office.
Meanwhile, Audit Chamber Chairman Sergei Stepashin said that Abramovich
should quit as the governor of Chukotka, Interfax reported on 22 May
(see "RFE/RL Newsline" 14 May 2004).
"The results [of the audit] show that Abramovich has let the president
down very badly," Stepashin said. VY
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Roman Abramovich
governor of Chukotka again
2005-10-21
Roman Abramovich, was sworn in Friday for a new five-year term as
governor of the Russian Far East region of Chukotka. Before the
ceremony, the regional legislature voted to confirm Abramovich's
appointment, which Russian President Vladimir Putin had proposed.
Abramovich acquired vast oil holdings in privatization deals in the
1990s.
Unlike Russian billionaire Mikhail Khodorkovsky, who is serving an
eight-year prison sentence for tax evasion and fraud, Abramovich is
thought to show unswerving loyalty to the Kremlin.
State-controlled gas monopoly Gazprom has announced it will buy
Sibneft, the oil company Abramovich controls, for US$13 billion.
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Chukotka Court Orders
Seizure of 15% Stake in Sibneft
Created: 14.07.2004 MosNews
The Arbitration Court of the Russian Far East region of Chukotka has
seized a 15-percent package of shares of the Sibneft Oil Company which
is on the accounts of the Yukos oil company, the Ekho Moskvy radio
station reported on Tuesday evening citing Dmitriy Gololobov, a lawyer
working for Yukos.
Yukos press secretary Aleksandr Shadrin confirmed that the oil giant
had received a court order on Tuesday issued by the Chukotka court of
arbitration imposing a seizure on 15 percent of Sibneft shares.
Gololobov also told the radio station that in his opinion it would be
better for the bailiffs to sell the remaining 20 per cent of Sibneft
shares to pay off the tax debts. He said that the tax debts will be
paid in instalments, or the company will be sold piece by piece. “If
you start to tear pieces off the company, it will go bankrupt sooner or
later,” the lawyer said.
Another Yukos lawyer, Sergey Pepelyayev, added that next week Yukos
would submit a protest against the check carried out by the Tax
Ministry for 2001.
On the basis of the act, the ministry will prepare a decision on the
check for 2001 and will submit a suit to the court, he added.
Moreover, Pepelyayev believes that the suit from the Tax Ministry will
be considered fairly quickly and a decision will be taken on it,
similar to the results of the check on the company by the ministry for
2000.
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Chukotka
Autonomous Area
GENERAL INFORMATION
Chukotka Autonomous Area is located in northeastern Russia on the
Chukotka (or Chukchi) Peninsula and adjoining mainland. The area
includes Wrangel, Ratmanov, and other islands. It borders on the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Kamchatka and Magadan regions, and the
East Siberian, Chukchi, and Bering seas.
Emblem
Chukotka Autonomous Area was formed on December 10, 1930. It has an
area of 737 700 km2 (4.32% of the RF), a population of 83 000, and
population density of 0.1 people per km2. Native people make up a third
of the total population; they include Chukchis (about 16 500-17 000
people), Chuvantsy (about 1500), Evens (about 700-800), and Yukaghirs
(less than 500). The population of Chukotka has decreased drastically
in recent years as a direct consequence of a continuing decline in gold
production on the peninsula.
Flag The area is divided into 8 districts, 2 cities under
district administration, 18 towns, and 45 rural councils. The city of
Anadyr is the district administrative center.
Mineral resources include gold, tungsten, tin, coal, and copper. The
best known deposits are Valkumei and Pyrkakai (tin) and Anadyrskoe and
Beringovskoe (coal).
HISTORY
The word "Chukotka" brings to mind a cold, far-away, but at the same
time ancient and romantic territory. It has its own unique image of
pristine nature, stark contours of coastal regions and mountains, and
open expanses of plain. The landscape has changed little since the
first Russian explorers saw it in the 17th century.
The region's natural resources and evolutionary changes obviously had
an influence on the history and culture of the people living here.
Russian documents first mention Chukotka in the 1640s. The Russian name
for the region comes from the name of the ancient inhabitants, Chukchi,
which translates as "rich in reindeer". Long ago, the Chukchis and
other native peoples like the Yukaghirs, Eskimos, and Koryaks settled
in specific natural zones suitable for habitation. The ancestors of the
Chukchis and Koryaks lived mainly in the inland areas of Chukotka. The
people living on the Bering Sea coast were primarily seal hunters,
while those occupying the continental tundra and forest tundra zones
were reindeer herders.
Russian settlement of Chukotka began in the 17th century. The earliest
explorers were Cossacks led by explorer Semen Dezhnev, who reached the
area of present-day Markovo. Here, they met with fierce resistance from
the Koryaks and Chukchis. Part of the Yukaghir people, who occupied
large territories from Yakutia to Amguema, perished from epidemics,
while many more were wiped out by the Chukchis and Koryaks, leaving
them with no choice but to side with the Cossacks. The Russians
abandoned these lands in the 18th century, and the Chukchis burned
their fortresses and started a war with the Koryaks, eventually forcing
them out. As a result, by the late 19th-early 20th centuries, the
Chukchis occupied a vast territory stretching almost from Kolyma to the
Chukotka Peninsula. The Yukaghirs had nearly disappeared, but were
brought back once again by Russians returning to Anadyrsky fortress and
the present-day city of Anadyr. As a result, fortresses were built at
Markovo, at the junction of Anadyr and Eropol, and at Anyue, and
trading posts appeared in the settlement of Ven (Tavaivaam) and at
Krasnoe Ozero (Chikaevo or the Osinovaya River). The inhabited
territories had expanded even further by the end of the 18th century.
The internal wars ended after this, and trade began to develop rapidly.
Chukchis, Eskimos, and Russians bought goods from Yakutian and Kolyma
merchants, who took furs, walrus tusks, and other goods in exchange. As
a result, the Russians further strengthened their already commanding
position on Chukotka. They set up a Cossack post near the present-day
city and launched a naval patrol vessel. Districts were organized in
Markova, Uelen, and Anadyr.
In 1930, Anadyrsky and Chukotsky districts of the Far Eastern Territory
were combined to form Chukotka National District, renamed Chukotka
Autonomous Area in 1977.
RESOURCES
Chukotka Autonomous Area has a severe continental climate with average
January temperatures from -15 to -39°Ñ and average July
temperatures from +5 to +10°Ñ; average annual precipitation
ranges from 200 to 500 mm. Winter lasts for eight to nine months, with
strong winds. Summers are short, and the sun does not have time to warm
the earth.
The area is located at the confluence of two large rivers, the Sernoi
and Enmyvaam and is surrounded by three northern seas (East Siberian,
Chukchi, and Bering). The great Anadyr River flows through the very
center of the area. The river is 1117 km long, and its basin extends
over an area of 150 000 km2. On the southern part of the peninsula near
the Kenkeren mountain range, there are a number of glacial lakes that
are usually ice-covered until the end of June. The Anyue-Chukchi
mountain tundra plateau forms the watershed between the Pacific and
Arctic ocean basins. It consists of a series of mountain ranges cut by
broad water gaps. The Anadyr Plateau, where the main mountain ranges
and river basins originate, is located in the center of the peninsula;
and the Koryak Uplands cover the extreme southern part of the area. The
Anadyr Lowlands lie between them.
Tundra vegetation predominates on Chukotka, although there are areas of
forest tundra and forest in the south and west, where small herds of
reindeer graze, keeping a wary eye out for Arctic wolves. Squirrels and
foxes are abundant. Rare animals and birds, such as the snow sheep and
Kittlitz's murrelet, may also be encountered on the peninsula. Polar
bears roam along the coast. For nearly 1000 years, the people of
Chukotka have been occupied with fishing and raising domestic reindeer,
fur animals, and poultry. Seamen hunt sea mammals such as seals,
whales, and walrus.
Chukotka has abundant mineral deposits, including gold, tin, tungsten,
and hard and brown coal. Deposits of mercury have also been identified.
The Beringovskoe and Anadyrskoe coal deposits have estimated reserves
of 10 billion tons. Large oil fields have been discovered on the
Chukchi and East Siberian sea shelves, but because of permafrost
conditions, large-scale investments will be required to develop them.
ECONOMY
Chukotka Autonomous Area is part of the Far Eastern economic district
and the Far Eastern Federal District.
Gold mining is the peninsula's primary industry. Since 1958 alone,
nearly 820 tons of gold have been recovered from the gold mines here.
By comparison, the gold mines of Alaska and the Klondike have produced
about 1000 tons over a period of 100 years. Specialists estimate that
Chukotka's alluvial gold reserves are sufficient for 10-15 years. Gold
production has decreased to several tons per year in recent years. The
Maiskoe deposit (300 tons of reserves) and deposits in Bilibinsky
District (450 tons of reserves) are ready for development.
The leading industrial sectors are the power, coal, gold-mining, food,
and fishing industries. The city of Anadyr is a center of the food
industry, while Uelen is a center for artistic trades.
Agriculture specializes in reindeer herding, fur farming and trapping,
sea mammal hunting, and greenhouse vegetable growing.
The main forms of transport are sea (ports of Anadyr, Pevek,
Provideniya, Egvekinot, and Beringovsky) and air (airports in Anadyr
and Pevek). There are also shipping routes on the Anadyr and Velikaya
rivers. The seas play a vital and diversified role in the area's
economy. The Bering Sea is acquiring greater economic significance with
each passing year as a result of increasing traffic volumes on the
Northern Sea Route.
A predominance of imports over exports is characteristic of the area.
Chukotka exports coal, scrap metal, and small quantities of fish and
reindeer products. The main imports are equipment, petroleum products,
building materials, and food.
Small business development is a priority in the area. Further
development of small and medium business will help solve many of the
area's existing economic problems. The Administration of Chukotka
Autonomous Area is focusing attention on problems of forming a unified
system of small business development and support in the region.
Future objectives include further development of market relations and a
market infrastructure, solution of environmental and demographic
problems, and expansion of transportation and economic ties with other
regions and foreign countries.
AUTHORITIES
The Administration of Chukotka Autonomous Area is the highest executive
body. The Area Duma is the highest legislative body.
CULTURE AND ART
Every nation has its own history, culture, and way of life. Reindeer
herding, fishing, sealing, and fur trapping are traditional economic
sectors that are governed by a nomadic way of life and the scattered
character of settlement. The cultures of the small native groups of the
north are on the verge of disappearing due to the loss of native
languages, native skills, everyday traditions, crafts, and folklore.
The decrease in material and financial investments in culture has
played a role in this.
Culture and art are an essential part of daily life of the native
people of Chukotka, perhaps one of the most important parts; therefore,
despite the difficult conditions, people here are trying to maintain
existing cultural centers and even build new ones.
Two municipal museums opened in the area between 1997 and 1999: a
museum of bone carving in the village of Uelen, Chukotsky District, and
a museum of Chukotka life in the village of Meinypilgyno, Beringovsky
District. Altogether, the museums of Chukotka have a fund of more than
50 000 exhibits, such as bone carvings and Chukchi and Eskimo
implements.
Many villages have their own distinctive national ensembles. One of
these is the world-famous professional concert ensemble Ergyron, which
performs not only in the area, but also abroad.
A national college of the arts is also located in the area. It was
established as a result of an experiment to introduce national art
forms into programs at children's music schools.
TOURISM
Despite Chukotka's harsh climate, many people are drawn to this
territory. They include extreme sports lovers, professional athletes,
travelers, and plain romantics, who have decided to test themselves.
Separated from central Russia by thousands of kilometers of roadless
terrain, Chukotka is difficult for travelers to reach. Today, although
it is possible to get to Peveka and even more remote locations on
winter roads (from January to mid-April inclusive), these routes are
long, difficult, and cold. In summer, travelers can reach Chukotka by
boat; however, the main form of transport is by air.
The Chukchi Plateau extends through the northeastern part of the area.
They consist of a system of rugged mountain ranges and massifs about
450 km long and up to 1843 m high (Iskhodnaya Mountain) that forms the
watershed of the Arctic and Pacific ocean basins. This plateau area
also attracts tourists. The tourist routes pass mainly through
uninhabited areas. Points of interest for the development of combined
routes are mountain peaks, such as Leninskogo Komsomola (1810 m),
Rubinovaya (1624 m), Skalisty Peak (1646 m) and Konus Mountain (1707
m), and Ioni and Koolen lakes. There are also ski trails over mountain
passes (elevation 700-800 m). The starting points for tours are the
villages of Enmelen, Novoe Chaplino, Lavrentiya, Lorino, Uelen, and
Iultin, which are reached by plane from Anadyr.
Official Site of Chukotka Autonomous Area: http://www.chukotka.org/
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