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Petronas and ExxonMobil find more oil offshore Suriname
EXPLORATION & PRODUCTION
November 3, 2023, by Melisa Cavcic
Petronas Suriname E&P, a subsidiary of Malaysia’s energy giant Petronas, and ExxonMobil Exploration and Production Suriname, an affiliate of the U.S. oil major ExxonMobil, have made an oil discovery at an exploration well in Block 52 offshore Suriname.


Noble Discoverer (former Maersk Discoverer) rig; Source: Noble Corp.

The Roystonea-1 well, located about 185 kilometers offshore in a water depth of 904 meters, was successfully drilled to a total depth of 5,315 meters. According to Petronas, the well encountered several oil-bearing Campanian sandstone reservoir packages. As a result, further evaluation is being undertaken to determine the full extent of the discovery and its potential development synergy with the Sloanea-1 discovery made in 2020 within the same block.

Mohd Redhani Abdul Rahman, Petronas Vice President of Exploration, remarked: “The success of Roystonea-1 is expected to drive further exploration for commercially viable hydrocarbon resources in the surrounding areas. Petronas will continue to work closely with the host authority, Staatsolie, and partners to unlock Suriname’s hydrocarbon potential. We look forward to implementing safe and successful future exploration programs together.”

Petronas believes that this discovery is a result of its ongoing efforts towards ensuring energy security to meet the growing global energy demands. Covering an area of 4,749 square kilometers, Block 52 is located within the prospective Suriname-Guyana basin, approximately 75 miles offshore north of Suriname’s capital city, Paramaribo.

The water depth at the block ranges from 160 to 3,600 feet (50 to 1,100 meters). Petronas Suriname E&P is the operator with a 50% stake while ExxonMobil Exploration and Production Suriname holds the remaining 50% interest. Petronas hired Noble Corporation’s Noble Discoverer semi-submersible rig on a one-well contract in July 2023 to drill an exploration well in Block 52. The drilling activities were slated to start in August 2023. The deal also came with a one-well extension option

Offshore oil & gas exploration heats up in Namibia as Galp spuds prospect while Chevron seeks green light for multi-well drilling program

Offshore oil & gas exploration heats up in Namibia as Galp spuds prospect while Chevron seeks green light for multi-well drilling program
EXPLORATION & PRODUCTION
November 27, 2023, by Melisa Cavcic
Portuguese oil and gas company Galp has kicked off drilling operations at a well in license PEL 83 offshore Namibia, located close to Shell’s Graff and TotalEnergies’ Venus discoveries. On the other hand, the U.S. oil major Chevron is looking to drill up to ten new wells in PEL 90. These licenses are located in the heart of Namibia’s Orange Basin which is emerging as one of the world’s most prospective oil and gas regions.


Hercules rig; Source: Odfjell Drilling
Galp set the stage to spud a well in license PEL 83 in the heart of Namibia’s Orange Basin after entering into a contract with SFL Corporation for the Odfjell Drilling-managed Hercules rig in May 2023. The 115-day contract is for two wells plus optional well testing. Fugro recently confirmed the completion of the fieldwork for an environmental and geophysical survey offshore Namibia, which was ordered by the Portuguese energy player.

Galp, as the operator of PEL 83, secured an extension for the license last year. The company holds an 80% interest in this asset while its partners, National Petroleum Company of Namibia (Namcor) and Custos Investments, each hold a 10% stake. Sintana has a 49% indirect interest in Custos.

Related Article
Fugro’s survey enables Galp to embark on ‘sustainable and efficient’ energy ops off Namibia

According to Sintana, the Mopane 2X exploration well has been spud. The Mopane prospect complex is located at the southern end of PEL 83. This exploration well is the first of two wells that are scheduled to be drilled by the Hercules semi-submersible rig.

Knowledge Katti, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Custos Energy, and a Director of Sintana, commented:
 “The significant prospectivity of PEL 83, together with its relatively shallower water depth, position it to be one of the most significant and profitable opportunities in the Orange Basin.”

This license is located immediately north of Shell’s PEL 39 where the basin opening discoveries at Graff-1, La Rona-1 and Jonker-1 were drilled, and close to TotalEnergies’ multi-billion-barrel Venus-1 oil discovery on PEL 56.

Shell continues to progress exploration and appraisal activities on its blocks with an ongoing multi-well campaign through the rest of 2023 and throughout 2024.

Maggie Shino, Petroleum Commissioner at the Ministry of Mines and Energy, remarked: “We are excited to test the extension of the proven Upper Cretaceous plays into PEL 83. We believe PEL 83 will continue to demonstrate the world-class scale and quality of plays in Namibia’s Orange Basin.”

The 2008-built Hercules sixth-generation deepwater and harsh environment semi-submersible rig, which is of GVA 7500 design, was constructed by DSME in South Korea and can accommodate 180 people. The rig can operate in water depths of 10,000 ft and its maximum drilling depth is 35,000 ft.
“We look forward to a safe and successful campaign on PEL 83 for the JV partners and for the people of Namibia,”
stated Tom Alweendo, Minister of Mines and Energy.

In addition,
TotalEnergies is also working to progress multi-rig exploration and appraisal activities offshore Namibia.
During the third quarter of 2023, the Deepsea Mira rig was drilling for the oil major to appraise the Venus discovery.

Odfjell Drilling cheers completion of ‘complex’ rig move off Namibia
Meanwhile, an affiliate of Chevron Corporation has filed an application with the Ministry of Environment, Forestry, and Tourism for the Republic of Namibia for an environmental clearance certificate, which would provide for the drilling of up to five exploration and five appraisal wells beginning in the fourth quarter of 2024 on block 2813B within PEL 90.

Robert Bose, President and Director of Sintana, said: “The continuing activity on all our Namibian Orange Basin blocks demonstrates the unmatched quality of our position in the heart of this world-class opportunity.”

Sintana, through its investment in InterOil, maintains a 49% indirect interest in Trago Energy (Pty) Ltd, a 10% working interest owner in PEL 90.

Noble rig booked for drilling ops off Suriname
ExxonMobil in hot pursuit of more hydrocarbons as Guyana greenlights 35-well drilling campaign
EXPLORATION & PRODUCTION
July 6, 2023, by Melisa Cavcic
U.S.-headquartered energy giant ExxonMobil has received a stamp of approval for its 35-well exploration and appraisal drilling campaign on the Stabroek Block offshore Guyana from the country’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This will enable the oil major to discover new and re-evaluate existing recoverable hydrocarbons from reservoirs in the block, enabling potential future development projects.


Stena Carron (drilled one of ExxonMobil's recent discoveries in Guyana); Source: Stena Drilling


The Stabroek Block is operated by ExxonMobil’s affiliate Esso Exploration and Production Guyana with a 45 per cent interest. The company’s partners in the block are Hess Guyana Exploration (30 per cent), and CNOOC Petroleum Guyana (25 per cent). This block covers 6.6 million acres or 26,800 square kilometres.

According to Guyana’s Environmental Protection Agency, the 35-well exploration and appraisal drilling campaign on the Stabroek Block was approved after the Environmental Assessment Board reviewed and declared acceptable the Environmental Impact Statement and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the cumulative effects related to this project.

“The EPA is satisfied that the project can be conducted in accordance with good environmental practices, and in a manner that avoids, prevents, and minimises any adverse effects which could result from the activity,” underscored the Environmental Protection Agency.

The objective of this multi-well drilling campaign will be to further explore and appraise the hydrocarbon reserves of the Stabroek Block. The exact locations of the 35 wells have not been finalised. While some of the wells will be drilled for exploration purposes, ExxonMobil explains within the EIA that some of the wells may be drilled as appraisal wells within the proximity of previously drilled exploration areas.

In 2015, oil was discovered in the Liza field within the eastern half of the Stabroek Block. Following that discovery and based on exploration and assessment activities to date, ExxonMobil has identified the presence of multiple reservoirs of crude oil with an estimated recoverable resource of approximately 1.75 billion cubic meters of oil equivalent in the eastern half of the Stabroek Block.

The U.S. oil major points out that the producing Stabroek development projects have brought more than $208 billion GYD (over $1 billion) in direct revenue to Guyana to date. These petroleum operations have created opportunities for more than 4,400 Guyanese workers who currently support activities onshore and offshore, and for more than 1,000 local companies, who have received approximately $146 billion GYD ($700 million) from spending on these projects.

The new drilling campaign is expected to bring further benefits and will use several drillships, similar to the ones currently used for drilling activities in Guyana, to drill the development wells. For each well, the initial section will feature a pipe installed in the borehole and cemented in place. This section will be drilled using water-based drilling fluids, and drill cuttings from this section will be discharged to the seafloor near the well.

On the other hand, subsequent (deeper) sections of the wells are planned to be drilled using low-toxicity NADF with low to negligible aromatic content. The drilled cuttings from the deeper sections will be directed to the drillship, where the drilling fluids will be recovered for reuse to the extent practicable and the cuttings will be treated to limit the percentage of fluid retained on the cuttings. After treatment, the cuttings will be discharged to the sea.

Based on the range and average crew sizes for the fleet of drillships and supply vessels currently operating in Guyanese waters, the offshore workforce would be approximately 175 people on board a single drillship. Some of the drillships that recently drilled new oil discoveries off Guyana for ExxonMobil are Stena Drilling’s Stena Carron, which spudded the Fangtooth SE-1 well, and Noble Corporations’ Noble Don Taylor, used for the Lancetfish-1 well.
Datuk Adif Zulkifli, Petronas Executive Vice President and Chief Executive Officer of Upstream, commented: “Petronas views the Roystonea-1 oil discovery as a positive development towards realizing our differentiated barrel strategy for international upstream ventures, focusing on a material discovery with minimal contaminants.”

In addition to Block 52, Petronas Suriname E&P operates Block 48 with 100% participating interest and acts as a partner with 30% non-operating participating interest in the adjacent Block 53 where the Baja-1 oil discovery was made in 2022.
Guyana will produce 1.3 million barrels of oil per day by 2027
– Minister Indar   Staff Reporter  Sep 16
 
With Guyana currently producing approximately 400,000 barrels of oil per day with two Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessels, it is projected that by 2027, the country will see a vast increase of over one million barrels being produced daily.

This was revealed by the Minister within the Ministry of Public Works Deodat Indar, during a recent training session with Guyanese students at the Guyana Oil and Gas Chambers, Middle Street, North Cummingsburg, Georgetown.

 Minister within the Ministry of Public Works, Deodat Indar
“By the end of the year 600,000 barrels of oil will be produced per day, by 2027 we will end up with 1.3 million barrels per day, and we will continue to climb because we will have about 7 FPSOs working offshore by then,” stated the minister.

He added that three FPSOs will be operating on the Guyana shores by year-end. Additionally, he acknowledged that this increase is extremely great for the country but is a testament to the management of the sector. This, he noted, the government has been doing great with, as many developmental projects have already been finished, some started, and some near to end.

According to the public works minister, the government has not only shifted their focus to the oil and gas sector but is working to develop each and every sector. 
“So, we have sustainability in terms of the money flow. What we do with the money is what is critical. We are investing it in a couple of areas, such as food production, energy, education and such,” Minister Indar stressed.

The way in which the government is spending the money in the country shows keen and sustainable thinking.
 




Fast4Ward design; Source: SBM Offshore

The FEED contract award triggers the initial release of funds by ExxonMobil Guyana Limited, a subsidiary of the U.S.-headquartered ExxonMobil, to start FEED activities and secures a Fast4Ward hull for the execution of the Whiptail development project in Guyana, SBM Offshore explained on Friday, October 13, 2023.

Following FEED and subject to government approvals of the development plan in Guyana, project sanctioning, including the final investment decision by ExxonMobil to release the second phase of work, SBM Offshore will design and construct the FPSO using its Fast4Ward program and allocate its seventh new build, multi-purpose floater hull, combined with several standardized topsides modules.

Bruno Chabas, SBM Offshore’s Chief Executive Officer, commented: “We are proud to announce ExxonMobil Guyana has awarded the contracts for a fifth FPSO from SBM Offshore in Guyana. This project demonstrates once more the value that our industry-leading Fast4Ward program brings to our clients and other stakeholders while delivering carbon-efficient energy to the world.”

The FPSO’s ownership is expected to be transferred to ExxonMobil at the end of the construction period and before the start of operations in Guyana. The construction costs will be partially funded by senior loans which will be repaid at the time of the vessel’s transfer to the oil major.

The Durch player will also install the FPSO, which will be spread-moored in a water depth of about 1,630 meters and will be able to store around 2 million barrels of crude oil. The FPSO will be designed to produce 250,000 barrels of oil per day. It will have an associated gas treatment capacity of 540 million cubic feet per day and a water injection capacity of 300,000 barrels per day.

Furthermore, SBM Offshore explains that it will operate the FPSO through its integrated operations and maintenance model, leveraging “key learnings and the operational excellence” of the units currently deployed in Guyana. ExxonMobil’s plans for the project include third-party oil tankers that will be scheduled to offload the oil from the FPSO, making the oil available for export to the international market. The FPSO will also process, dehydrate, compress, and reinject associated gas produced from the reservoir.

For the latest FPSO, SBM Offshore will be building on the experience to date on the Liza Destiny, Liza Unity, Prosperity, and One Guyana FPSOs while continuing to commit to local content development in Guyana by sourcing fabrication scope locally and integrating Guyanese engineers into the execution and operational teams.

What will Whiptail entail?
The Whiptail development project will develop the Whiptail, Pinktail, and Tilapia fields, along with potential additional resources, if determined to be feasible and economically viable. This project is located in the southeastern portion of the Stabroek block, approximately 183 km from Georgetown and amid previous Stabroek projects on Guyana’s Continental Shelf.

The current development plans for the project include drilling via drillships to produce oil from approximately 40 – 65 production and injection wells. The production is expected to begin between 4Q 2027 and 2Q 2028 with an expected field life of at least twenty years.

According to ExxonMobil, the project will be designed to add up to 275,000 barrels of oil a day to existing daily production volumes in Guyana with the associated additional revenues to the government of Guyana, while continuing a steady expansion of opportunities for Guyanese to participate in the petroleum industry.

The operator highlights that the Whiptail project has been designed for no routine flaring of associated gas, instead using the gas for fuel, or reinjecting it into reservoirs to improve oil recovery. This design is consistent with ExxonMobil’s plans to align with the World Bank’s initiative to eliminate routine flaring of associated gas by 2030.

“However, it is important to recognize that some flaring is necessary or inevitable to maintain safe and reliable oil and gas operations. Such flaring will for example include well testing, background operational and safety flaring, planned maintenance activities, and intermittent unplanned events associated with process upsets or temporary infrastructure (equipment) malfunction. These gas streams are not the focus of the World Bank’s Zero Routine Flaring (ZRF) by 2030 Initiative, which concentrates on other types of flaring,” elaborated the oil major.

The Stabroek block covers 6.6 million acres (26,800 square kilometers) and is operated by ExxonMobil’s affiliate Esso Exploration and Production Guyana with a 45% interest. The company’s partners in the block are Hess Guyana Exploration (30%) and CNOOC Petroleum Guyana (25%).

Based on ExxonMobil’s plans, six FPSOs with a gross production capacity of more than 1.2 million barrels of oil per day are expected to be online on the Stabroek block by the end of 2027, with the potential for up to ten FPSOs to develop the estimated gross discovered recoverable resources of more than 11 billion barrels of oil equivalent.



The project has four drill centers with 17 wells in total; eight oil producing wells, six water injection wells, and three gas reinjection wells.
The Liza Phase 1 Development is located approximately 190 kilometers offshore Guyana in water depths of 1,500– 1,900 meters.
The Liza Destiny is designed to produce up to 120,000 barrels of oil per day, with storage capacity of up to 1.6 million barrels.


































From the first discovery announced in May 2015, to first oil, now potentially just days away;
 the tremendous work that has gone into bringing the Liza Phase 1 Development project to the point of production will soon pay off.

The more than 1,700 Guyanese men and women who have been working on the project to date, will celebrate along with their countrymen,
the first barrel of crude to be produced from the oil field that first placed Guyana on the map of frontier countries to watch, in the world of oil and gas.

Since discovering the initial 800 million to 1.4 billion barrels of oil equivalent,
ExxonMobil has gone on to find more than 6 billion barrels of crude from a total of 14 discoveries at the prolific Stabroek Block.
Now, the oil major and its co-venturers Hess and CNOOC along with the government and people of Guyana, are about to embark on a new journey
 that can potentially transform the small South American country of just over 750,000 people, to one of the most prosperous in the region.  
“It’s very exciting to be where we are at,” Deedra Moe, ExxonMobil Guyana Senior Director, Public and Government Affairs, told OilNOW on Wednesday.
 “These projects take a great deal of time and effort. We’ve been able to do this in a shortened timeframe,
but it still takes a ton of effort and coordination, and partnership and working together to get where we are at.”  
The Liza Destiny FPSO arrived in Guyana at the end of August, ahead of schedule, and has been prepping since then for the historic production of that first barrel of oil.  
“We are finalizing all the hook-up and we have started the commissioning. We are pressure testing all the lines and double-checking,
making sure they are no issues or potential leaks.
All that has to be done to make sure that we start up safely and that we are protective of the environment when we do so,” Moe pointed out.

The Liza Destiny FPSO was converted from the oil tanker, “Tina”, a 1999 Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC).
The conversion included upgrading of the hull and integration of 14 topside processing modules, totaling 16 thousand metric tonnes.
Dutch floater specialist SBM Offshore was contracted by ExxonMobil to build and operate the vessel.

“As Guyanese, we should begin to recognise that it is a vessel that will be paid for by Guyanese, pumping Guyanese fuel
which will be bringing in revenue for Guyanese to help our country to ultimately be transformed positively from an economic development perspective.
It is imperative that as Guyanese we begin to appreciate that the direct and the indirect benefits that emanate from this sector
 goes far beyond anything that we have seen thus far,” Dr. Mark Bynoe, Director of Guyana’s Department of Energy, said at the time of the FPSO’s arrival.

The Liza Phase 1 Development is located approximately 190 kilometers offshore Guyana in water depths of 1,500– 1,900 meters.
 The Liza Destiny is designed to produce up to 120,000 barrels of oil per day, with storage capacity of up to 1.6 million barrels.

 GUYANA SURINAME BASIN will produce 1,000,000 Bpd (2020-2029) 
8 billion oil-equivalent barrels estimated at Stabroek Block

The Liza Destiny FPSO spread moored 190 km offshore Guyana at the Stabroek Block in water depths of 1,500 to 1,900 meters.
Liza Crude could break into US Gulf Coast, European markets – S&P Global ByOilNOW -December 27, 2019
With an API of 32.1 degrees and sulfur content of 0.510 percent, the crude now being produced at the Liza Phase 1 Development offshore Guyana could see interest from buyers on the US Gulf Coast and those in locations as far away as Europe and Asia.
“Buyers in the US Gulf Coast may be really interested in this medium grade as desirable for blending but we are also going to see buyers in Europe as well as in Asia,” Laura Huchzermeyer, S&P Global Platts Managing Editor of Americas Crude Markets stated on a recent podcast.  She said the declining exports of crude out of neighbouring Venezuela to the US Gulf Coast could provide an opportunity for Guyana to step in and be a provider of crude to the region. “That’s very desirable for Gulf Coast especially as we are seeing freight rates being extremely high so people are looking for more local, easier to get to crudes that you don’t have to pay as much to send across the world,” Huchzermeyer pointed out.

How will Liza Crude be priced on the market?
ExxonMobil Guyana Senior Director, Public and Government Affairs, Deedra Moe, told OilNOW in a recent interview that the Liza Crude will be sold at Brent market price. “Whatever the price of crude oil is that day – we trade off of the Brent crude oil price – and that’s exactly what it will be, either plus or minus what the typical Brent price is,” she said.  With production getting underway in Guyana just days ago on December 20, Huchzermeyer acknowledged that it is too early to say exactly what price the Liza crude will fetch.  “It’s interesting because usually as new crudes come out onto the market, we often hear that they get this new crude discount. So, whatever prices we may be seeing, or starting to see at the first production; those might even out or equalize out over time as more refineries take it and run it through their system and see how they like it,” the Platts Managing Editor pointed.

Who will buy Guyana’s first crude lifts?
Guyana’s Department of Energy (DE) said on Tuesday Shell Western Supply and Trading Limited will be the buyer of the government’s first three crude lifts. This follows a series of meetings with bidders—including ExxonMobil, Hess, CNOOC, and Total, among other companies.  The selection of Shell was based on criteria including competitive pricing that limits the government’s exposure to market uncertainty; the size, scale and global reach of the Shell trading operations; the company’s high level of integration between Upstream, Trading and Downstream; and Shell’s strong foothold in the Latin American markets and the size and scale of their shipping and storage operations in the region, which allows for multiple options on the Liza crude commercialization.The DE said one of the determining factors was also Shell’s willingness to share critical refinery information with the government which it needs in order to understand Liza crude behavior.

Guyana enters 2020 as new oil producer with a total of 18 discoveries ByOilNOW -January 6, 2020
The South American country of Guyana has entered the new decade as an oil producer with a total of 18 discoveries made since 2015.
There also remains massive potential for more discoveries from ongoing and planned exploration campaigns by multiple companies operating across several blocks offshore.
US oil major ExxonMobil changed the course of Guyana’s destiny when it discovered the giant Liza field in 2015.
The company has made a total of 15 discoveries with just two dry holes at the prolific Stabroek Block where estimated resources exceed 6 billion barrels of oil equivalent.
In 2019 alone, 7 discoveries were made offshore; 5 from ExxonMobil and 2 (Jethro, Joe) from Tullow Oil in the Orinduik block.
 Repsol made its first discovery at the Carapa-1 well, announced in January 2020 by Tullow Oil, at the Kanuku Block.
While the Orinduik and Kanuku discoveries may not be developed due to heavy oil (Jethro and Joe) and low volumes (Carapa), analysts say they have provided important technical data.
Meanwhile, ExxonMobil’s oil strikes at Stabroek seem to all have high potential for development. The company expects to be producing upwards of 750,000 bpd by 2025 from five developments at the Stabroek Block.

2019 oil discoveries
•The Tilapia discovery was announced in February 2019. Tilapia is ExxonMobil’s 11th oil discovery in the Stabroek Block. The Tilapia- 1 well was drilled in a new reservoir, encountering approximately 305 feet (93 meters) of high-quality oil-bearing sandstone reservoir and was drilled to a depth of 18,786 feet (5,726 meters) in 5,850 feet (1,783 meters) of water.
•The Haimara discovery was announced in February 2019. Haimara is ExxonMobil’s 12th oil discovery in the Stabroek Block. The Haimara- 1 well was drilled in a new reservoir, encountering approximately 207 feet (63 meters) of high-quality, gas-condensate bearing sandstone reservoir. The well was drilled to a depth of 18,289 feet (5,575 meters) in 4,590 feet (1,399 meters) of water.
•The Yellowtail discovery was announced in April 2019. Yellowtail is ExxonMobil’s 13th oil discovery in the Stabroek Block. The Yellowtail- 1 well was drilled in a new reservoir, encountering approximately 292 feet (89 meters) of high-quality oil-bearing sandstone reservoir and was drilled to a depth of 18,445 feet (5,622 meters) in 6,046 feet (1,843 meters) of water.
•The Jethro-1 discovery was announced in August 2019. Jethro is Tullow Oil’s 1st discovery in the Orinduik Block. The well encountered 55m of net oil pay and was drilled to a total depth of 4,400m metres in approximately 1,350 metres of water.
•The Joe-1 discovery was announced in September 2019. Joe is Tullow Oil’s 2nd discovery in the Orinduik Block. The well encountered 14 metres of net oil pay in high-quality oil-bearing sandstone reservoirs of Upper Tertiary age. It was drilled to a total depth of 2,175 metres in water depth of 780 metres.
•The Tripletail discovery was announced in September 2019. Tripletail is ExxonMobil’s 14th oil discovery in the Stabroek Block. The Tripletail- 1 well was drilled in a new reservoir, encountering approximately 108 feet (33 meters) of a high-quality oil-bearing sandstone reservoir and was drilled in 6,572 feet (2,003 meters) of water.
•The Mako-1 discovery was announced in December 2019. Mako-1 is ExxonMobil’s 15th oil discovery in the Stabroek Block. Mako-1 encountered approximately 164 feet (50 meters) of a high-quality oil-bearing sandstone reservoir. Mako-1, drilled in 5,315 feet (1,620 meters) of water, is located approximately six miles (10 kilometers) southeast of the Liza field, which began producing oil in December 2019.

2020 oil discovery
•The Carapa-1 discovery was announced in January 2020. Carapa is Repsol’s 1st discovery in the Kanuku Block. The well encountered approximately four metres of net oil pay. It was drilled to a total depth of 3,290 metres in 68 metres of water.


Maka Central discovery offshore Suriname extends Guyana Cretaceous oil play;  OGJ Jan 07 2020
Apache Corp. and Total will test additional prospects on Block 58 offshore Suriname following a light oil and gas rich condensate discoveries at Maka Central-1 well that proves the extension of the Guyana Cretaceous oil play into Surinam waters.Apache

Total Surinam Map Map from Total

Apache Corp. and Total will test additional prospects on Block 58 offshore Suriname following a light oil and gas rich condensate discovery at Maka Central-1 well that proves the extension of the Guyana Cretaceous oil play into Surinam waters, Total reported Jan. 7. The companies formed a 50-50 joint venture in December 2019 to explore and develop the 1.4-million-acre block (OGJ Online, Dec. 23, 2019).

Drilled by Apache as operator in water depth of 1,000 m, the well encountered net pay in multiple stacked reservoirs in Upper Cretaceous Campanian and Santonian formations.

The shallower Campanian interval contains 50 m of net oil and gas condensate pay. Preliminary fluid samples and test results indicate light oil and gas condensate with API gravities between 40 and 60 degrees.

The deeper Santonian interval contains 73 m of net oil-bearing reservoir. Preliminary fluid samples and tests results indicate API oil gravities between 35 and 45 degrees.

The well also targeted a third interval, the Turonian, a geologic analogue to oil discoveries offshore West Africa. Prior to reaching the interval, the well encountered significantly over-pressured, oil-bearing reservoirs in the lower Santonian, and the decision was made to conclude drilling at 6,300 m. The pressures encountered in the lower Santonian are a positive sign for the Turonian and future drilling will test the interval, Apache said in a press statement.

The formation evaluation program included logging-while-drilling and wireline logs, formation pressures, and preliminary core and fluid analysis and indicates the potential for prolific oil wells, said John Christmann, Apache chief executive officer and president. Additionally, he said, “the size of the stratigraphic feature, as defined by 3-D seismic imaging, suggests a substantial resource.” Further drilling and testing will be carried out to appraise the resources and productivity of the reservoir. Seven distinct play types and more than 50 prospects have been identified, he said.

The next exploration well—the Sapaka West-1—drilled by the Noble Sam Croft drillship 20 km southeast of the Make Central discovery, will test oil-prone Cretaceous targets in the Campanian and Santonian intervals. Operatorship will be transferred to Total after completion of a third exploration well.

Tanker to soon lift first one million barrels of oil from Stabroek Block ByOilNOW -January 17, 2020
The Yannis P – a Marshall Islands registered crude oil tanker will soon lift the first one million barrels of crude from the Stabroek Block offshore Guyana.

Production in Guyana commenced on December 20, 2019, less than five years after the first ever commercial discovery in the South American country at the 6.6 million acres Stabroek Block.

ExxonMobil Guyana Public and Government Affairs Advisor, Janelle Persaud, in a comment to OilNOW, said, “The first tanker of crude oil from the Liza field will begin loading this weekend. As we have previously indicated, ExxonMobil will process the initial cargo in its own refining system.”

The Guyana government’s first lift is expected to be in February 2020. Shell has been selected to buy the country’s first three cargoes.

 

The Noble Don Taylor will drill the Mako-1 exploration well south of the Liza-1 Stabroek Block.
The Noble Don Taylor, expected to arrive around November 15,  will drill the Mako-1 exploration well, located approximately six miles south of the Liza-1 well at the 6.6 million acres Stabroek Block.
Director of Guyana’s Department of Energy, Dr. Mark Bynoe, says potential exist for a 5th drillship to be operating at the 6.6 million acres Stabroek Block where US oil major ExxonMobil has made a record 14 oil discoveries since 2015. The oil major currently has 3 drillships operating at the block with a fourth – the Noble Don Taylor – expected this month as exploration and development activities ramp up offshore the South American country where oil production is slated to begin in December.
“They could move to even a fifth ship next year because you are bringing on Liza 2 and later on Payara, so you’re having to ramp up,” said Dr. Mark Bynoe, Director of the Guyana’s Department of Energy, speaking a press conference on November 6 in Guyana’s capital, Georgetown.

Dr. Bynoe said an active exploration programme continues offshore Guyana where the rig schedules objectives will include “to explore the resource potential of held acreage, to assess and appraise commerciality of discovered resources for future developments and to drill development wells to support efficient ramp-up and sustained production.”

The Noble Don Taylor, expected to arrive around November 15,  will drill the Mako-1 exploration well, located approximately six miles south of the Liza-1 well at the 6.6 million acres Stabroek Block.
The Prosperity will be a similar built FPSO to the Liza Unity (shown in photo) which is currently under construction by SBM Offshore.
With the discovery of large quantities of oil off its coast, the South American country of Guyana began preparations for becoming the newest oil producing nation in the region which saw the construction of its first oil production complex – the Liza Destiny – now moored around 120 miles offshore. Operator in the 6.6 million acres Stabroek Block – ExxonMobil – looking to rapidly develop these resources and generate revenue for the country of 750,000 people, is already moving to phase 2 with the Liza Unity now under construction by Dutch floater specialist, SBM Offshore.

Now, the company has submitted its Field Development Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment report to Guyana’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for the 3rd development at the Payara field which will see, pending approvals, the construction of the country’s 3rd oil production complex.

“The name for this vessel will be the Prosperity. So, we have the Destiny, leading to the Unity, and leading to Prosperity,” ExxonMobil Guyana Country Manager, Rod Henson, told a gathering in Georgetown, Guyana on Monday.
The Prosperity will have similar capacity as the Liza Unity FPSO – 220,000 barrels per day – and could be adding to Guyana’s oil production as early as 2023.

It is anticipated that by 2025, Guyana could be producing around 750,000 barrels of oil per day with as much as five FPSOs operating offshore.  Industry analysts have said by the end of the decade, the lone English-speaking South American country, with no known oil reserves four years ago, could be producing more than one million barrels of oil per day.
The Prosperity FPSO will be a ULCC (Ultra Large Crude Carrier) size floating facility with double hull protection, with approximate dimensions of 340m long by 60m wide by 33m deep (1,115 ft long by 197 ft wide by 108 ft deep) and will be moored on location. The vessel will be moored approximately 207 km (128 miles) offshore.  The project will utilize onshore infrastructure which include shorebases, warehouses, storage and pipe yards, fabrication facilities, fuel supply facilities, and waste management facilities in Guyana.
The Liza Unity FPSO, the first of its kind to be constructed with SBM Offshore's Fast4Ward design.
The hull for the Liza Unity FPSO – Guyana’s second oil production complex – is now 85% complete as work on the 220,000 barrels per day vessel that will be producing oil from the Liza Phase 2 Development project offshore Guyana, remains on schedule.  Chinese shipyard Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding announced in June that it had launched the FPSO, which is the world’s first floating production, storage and offloading vessel to be built under SBM Offshore’s Fast4WardTM design.

Speaking at a press conference in Guyana’s capital, Georgetown, on Wednesday, Director of the Department of Energy (DE), Dr. Mark Bynoe, said, “The hull for the Liza Unity is about 85 percent completed and is being built in Shanghai. Topsides fabrication are continuing at Dyna-Mac and Keppel in Singapore. Several trees tubing heads have been completed and are awaiting shipment to Trinidad from Brazil and then into Guyana.”  The DE Director said production manifolds are being completed in the US, and the line pipe fabrication, being carried out in Japan, is about 99 percent complete.  “Pipe installation is ongoing in Mexico, buoyancy modules, about 57 percent completed, in the UK and riser, flowlines and jumper detail designs are completed in the US,” he told reporters.
Dr. Bynoe said ExxonMobil, operator at the Stabroek Block, is also working with the DE to include Guyanese expertise in various stages of the Unity’s completion as per the Field Development Plan approval. Over 1,000 Guyanese were involved at various stages in the work that culminated with the completion of the Liza Destiny, the country’s first oil production complex, now moored off its coast in preparation for oil production in December.

The Fast4WardTM FPSO includes a versatile new hull and a range of upper module and mooring system solutions that reduce construction time and cost and are fully responsive to the localization requirements of the owner. The hull design also considers the possibility of installing a detachable propulsion system, such as mass-building the general-purpose hull, which significantly reduces towing costs. Compared with traditional FPSOs, the ship’s hull is widely used and adaptable, and its production cycle can be shortened by 6 to 12 months.  Bruno Chabas, CEO of SBM Offshore, said in May with the award of the second FPSO – Liza Unity, “SBM Offshore’s Fast4WardTM philosophy has moved from plan to reality, with the first standard hull now allocated.”

In addition to its oil production capacity, the Liza Unity will have associated gas treatment capacity of 400 MMcfgpd  and water injection capacity of 250,000 bpd.
 The FPSO will be spread moored in water depth of about 1,600 meters and will be able to store around 2 million barrels of crude oil.
Production start-up for the Liza Phase 2 Development is expected by mid-2022.
Oil production is set to get underway in December at the Liza Phase 1 Development at a peak rate of 120,000 barrels per day.
Guyana’s Crude Lifting Agreement
Guyana’s Crude Lifting Agreement is expected to be completed over the coming week. The agreement, which came out of a model designed by the Association of International Petroleum Negotiators (AIPN) in 2001, speaks to the specific lifts that the four stakeholders (Government, Hess, ExxonMobil and CNOOC) are entitled to.  At a news conference on Wednesday at the National Communications Network Studio in Georgetown, Director of the Department of Energy, Dr. Mark Bynoe, said with first oil potentially set for December, the first crude lift will be expected one month after. First entitlement, he noted, will go to US oil major ExxonMobil, operator at the Stabroek Block. Guyana’s turn to lift its share of crude is expected around February/March 2020.  “There is a reason for this. ExxonMobil is not only a lifter, they are not only the operator, but they also have refineries. My understanding is the first lift often comes with a fair amount of impurities. Impurities in your crude can affect the price that you get for that crude which will not only impact that batch but it could impact subsequent batches”, he added.  In other words, he said, it makes economic sense for this to be done, especially since Exxon has the necessary capabilities to preserve the integrity of the crude. Regarding the mechanisms in place to efficiently lift the crude, Dr. Bynoe said this will be covered extensively in the crude lifting agreement.

“In terms of the facilities, the technology, and how the sample will be ultimately stored on the FPSO, it is the Government’s desire to pursue a third party verifier on the FPSO to be able to preserve the integrity of the system and also to reduce potential value leakage,” he said.
“Guyana’s crude is expected to be sold FOB (Free on Board). This means that the crude is sold to the buyer at the point of the FPSO with the buyer being responsible for the shipping, insurance, etc. The Government through a marketing agent is projected to sell its share of exported crude on a fee for barrel basis,” he stated.  Dr. Bynoe also gave the assurance that the best industry standards will be applied to the agreement.

“It is an industry standard template that is being used based on the Association of International Petroleum Negotiators Crude Lifting Agreement. It is being applied and customized to take the Guyanese context into consideration. The crude lifting agreement sets up inter alia a mechanism for allocating the schedule of cargo lifting based on volume entitlement which is calculated taking into account the cost recovery rules of the petroleum agreement,” he stated.
CGX hires PGS for Corentyne survey, defers rig contract ByOilNOW -September 24, 2019
http://www.lngplants.com/Guyana_CGS_corentyne.jpg
Canadian oil and gas company CGX Energy has hired PGS to conduct a 3D seismic survey over its Corentyne Block offshore Guyana. CGX has also deferred all operational obligations under its drilling rig contract for the Ralph Coffman jack-up due to the re-sequencing of commitments in the Corentyne Block.
CGX Energy said on Monday that, through its subsidiary CGX Resources (CRI), it had executed a contract with PGS Geophysical to provide acquisition and processing of a full broadband marine 3D seismic survey, to produce seismic data covering approximately 582 km2 of the northern portion of the Corentyne Block offshore in Guyana.
CGX Resources is the operator of the Corentyne Block under a joint operating agreement with Frontera Energy Guyana Corp (FEGC). CRI has a 66.667% participating interest in the block, with FEGC holding a 33.333% interest in the block.

The survey is expected to start in mid-October 2019 and be completed by November 27, 2019. This is in line with CRI’s re-sequenced work-plan on the Corentyne Block, which requires CRI to complete a seismic survey by November 27, 2019, and the drilling of an exploration well by November 2020.
PGS plans to use an integrated acquisition and imaging approach for fast turnaround of the seismic data. A Ramform Titan-class seismic vessel will be used to complete the acquisition. GeoStreamer acquisition technology will enable advanced imaging techniques to provide structural imaging to support drilling decisions.
Rig contract deferred
CRI has also executed a letter of understanding (LOU) with Rowan Rigs S.a.r.l. regarding the drilling rig contract entered into on December 14, 2018, which required the prepayment of certain costs for the use of the Ralph Coffman offshore jack-up rig. Under the terms of the LOU, CRI has agreed with the contractor that all operational obligations under the drilling rig contract will be deferred until the parties can enter into an amended agreement due to the re-sequencing of the commitments in the Corentyne Block and plans to drill in its Demerara Block back-to-back with its Corentyne Block during 2020. CRI will not be entitled to the reimbursement of the mobilization fee under the terms of the LOU and, if an amended agreement is executed by CRI and the contractor on or before July 1, 2020, CRI will receive a credit towards payments due under the amended agreement.
CGX names VP, Operations
CGX also said on Monday it had appointed Michael Stockinger to the position of Vice-President, Operations. Stockinger previously held the position of Drilling Engineer Consultant with the company. Stockinger has more than 40 years of drilling operations experience, including 18 years with Conoco and 12 years with Kerr-McGee. He held various positions including drilling engineer, rig supervisor, GOM Drilling Manager, and VP-Worldwide Drilling Operations. Stockinger currently has 10 years’ experience in the Guyana Suriname basin.

Professor Suresh Narine, Executive Chairman, commented: “Recent discoveries in close proximity to the northern region of the Corentyne Block and in the shallow water east of the Demerara Block presents a compelling endorsement of CRI’s re-sequenced plans to drill exploration wells back-to-back on its Corentyne and Demerara Blocks in 2020, following further forensic seismic investigation of the northern region of the Corentyne Block. CRI’s arrangement with PGS will allow us to take advantage of PGS’ previous experience in this region of the basin to both acquire and process 3D seismic crucial to our understanding of the northern region of the Corentyne Block. In the meantime, CRI has been streamlining its prospects in the Demerara Block based on the 3D seismic campaign it conducted over the Demerara Block in 2014.
“The arrangement with the contractor will allow CRI to utilize funds previously committed to the Ralph Coffman rig to drill the Utakwaaka well to any of the contractor’s rigs that are utilized to drill the Corentyne and Demerara Blocks in 2020. Several of the more recent discoveries in the basin continue to provide tangible endorsements of the company’s exploration focus and I wish to thank our partners and shareholders for their continued support of the company as we move towards realizing a 21-year vision and commitment to the Guyana basin.”
Dr. Narine further commented, “I am also delighted to announce that in keeping with the increased operational focus of the company following our successful rights offering and joint venture with FEGC in the first quarter of 2019, Mr. Michael Stockinger has been appointed Vice President Operations. Mr. Stockinger brings more than 40 years of operational and drilling expertise to the helm of the company’s operational efforts, including experience in successfully and safely drilling the Guyana-Suriname Basin.”

Exxon Guyana moving to FPSO Prosperity for 3rd offshore development By OilNOW -October 2, 2019
The Prosperity will be a similar built FPSO to the Liza Unity currently under construction by SBM Offshore. With the discovery of large quantities of oil off its coast, the South American country of Guyana began preparations for becoming the newest oil producing nation in the region which saw the construction of its first oil production complex – the Liza Destiny – now moored around 120 miles offshore. Operator in the 6.6 million acres Stabroek Block – ExxonMobil – looking to rapidly develop these resources and generate revenue for the country of 750,000 people, is already moving to phase 2 with the Liza Unity now under construction by Dutch floater specialist, SBM Offshore.

Now, the company has submitted its Field Development Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment report to Guyana’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for the 3rd development at the Payara field which will see, pending approvals, the construction of the country’s 3rd oil production complex.
“The name for this vessel will be the Prosperity. So, we have the Destiny, leading to the Unity, and leading to Prosperity,” ExxonMobil Guyana Country Manager, Rod Henson, told a gathering in Georgetown, Guyana on Monday.  The Prosperity will have similar capacity as the Liza Unity FPSO 220,000 bpd adding to Guyana’s oil production as early as 2023.
It is anticipated that by 2025, Guyana could be producing around 750,000 barrels of oil per day with as much as five FPSOs operating offshore.  Industry analysts have said by the end of the decade, the lone English-speaking South American country, with no known oil reserves four years ago, could be producing more than one million barrels of oil per day.

The Prosperity FPSO will be a ULCC (Ultra Large Crude Carrier) size floating facility with double hull protection, with approximate dimensions of 340m long by 60m wide by 33m deep (1,115 ft long by 197 ft wide by 108 ft deep) and will be moored on location. The vessel will be moored approximately 207 km (128 miles) offshore.  
The project will utilize onshore infrastructure which include shorebases, warehouses, storage and pipe yards, fabrication facilities, fuel supply facilities, and waste management facilities in Guyana.
Canje Block explorers targeting two wildcats in 2020 The Bulletwood and Jabillo Another prospect that was identified on the block is Sapote.
ByOilNOW -September 30, 2019
Explorers on the Canje Block offshore Guyana are targeting two prospects for drill campaigns in 2020 according to co-venturer Total.

The Bulletwood and Jabillo wells, located in the north-west portion of the block, are two in a series of campaigns the French oil major will be participating in over the coming months, according to plans outlined in its strategy update published on September 24.  Another prospect that was identified on the block is Sapote.

ExxonMobil is operator on the block with a 35% interest. Total also has 35% interest, having taken stakes off Canada-based JHI Associates and local player Mid-Atlantic Oil & Gas early last year. JHI retains 17.5%, with Mid-Atlantic holding 12.5%.

Total said multiple drill targets offshore the South American country have been identified, including the Carapa prospect on the Kanuku Block where the company has a 25% interest.
Plans are also underway to “follow up tertiary prospects in Orinduik and Kanuku, derisked by Jethro and Joe,” Total said.  Jethro and Joe represent the first two discoveries to be made outside the Stabroek Block where ExxonMobil is operator.  
To date, a total of 16 discoveries have been made offshore Guyana, 14 of which occurred at Stabroek.



Guyana offshore gets busy with new discoveries and more wells planned ByOilNOW -September 23, 2019
US oil major ExxonMobil is targeting two new wells on its Stabroek Block following the company’s 14th discovery announced last week at Tripletail.

Tullow Oil, which announced the Jethro-Lobe discovery on the Orinduik block in August quickly followed it with Joe, where the company made its second oil strike offshore Guyana. Carapa, a Repsol-operated well, is planned on the Kanuku block to the south in September, with results expected by Q4. “Repsol is proud to be operating in Guyana, where we have been present for more than 20 years. We remain on track to spud the Carapa exploration well in the third quarter on the Kanuku Block with our joint interest owners Tullow and Total,” Ryan Ramjit, Repsol Country Exploration Manager for Guyana and the Eastern Caribbean, recently told OilNOW. Jethro, which contains about 100 million recoverable barrels of oil equivalent and is situated in the northeast corner of Orinduik, bordering Stabroek, was the first rival find in a region that appears abundant with crude.

The ExxonMobil-led group, which includes Hess and China’s CNOOC, is now preparing to spud two exploration wells – Uaru, and Mako – at the Stabroek Block. “They’ll be coming up here later this year and they’ll be drilling here as we get into the latter part of 2019,” Deedra Moe, ExxonMobil Guyana Senior Director, Public and Government Affairs, told OilNOW during an interview last week at the company’s Kingston, Georgetown office.
The company currently has three drillships on the block and a fourth – the Noble Don Taylor – is expected to arrive in October.
Hess, ExxonMobil and smaller partners also plan to drill the Kaieteur block to the north in 2020 while CGX Energy is targeting the Utakwaaka-1 well on its Corentyne block by the end of this year.

With 556 offshore rig days in Guyana for the first half of 2019, the South American country – a newcomer to oil and gas – has now surpassed its Caribbean neighbour, Trinidad and Tobago, with exploration activities.The 120,000 barrels per day Liza Destiny FPSO – Guyana’s first oil production complex – has also arrived offshore where it is being hooked up to the subsea to begin oil production within months.


Guyana ExxonMobil 220,000 barrels per day Payara Development Project
ExxonMobil has submitted its Field Development Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment Report to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in Guyana for its third potential development project offshore the South American country.

The 220,000 barrels per day Payara Development Project is expected to come on stream by 2023, closely following the Liza Phase 1 and 2 developments at the 6.6 million acres Stabroek Block.

ExxonMobil Guyana Senior Director, Public and Government Affairs, Deedra Moe said the documents have been submitted to the EPA for review and the company will be working with the agency as it studies the proposals.
Deedra Moe
“We’re excited about the potential third project and we look forward to continue to work with the EPA on that review process,” Moe told OilNOW on Thursday, September 19 during an interview at the company’s Kingston, Georgetown office.

The US oil major has been rapidly moving its projects at the Stabroek Block to development which will see more revenue being generated sooner for both its shareholders and Guyana.

Industry analyst Wood Mackenzie expects that by 2025 oil revenues will triple the country’s GDP. One of the main goals, WoodMac says, is to anticipate oil revenues in the context of the timeliness needed to develop these resources. “People have borne in mind the timeliness needed to develop these resources so they always question what will be the value of these resources if oil is still in the ground in fifteen years from now. So, bringing the oil revenues in earlier and then using it to diversify the economy and also to provide the country with cheaper energy – I think these are two of the key goals,” says Luiz Hayum, Senior Analyst at WoodMac’s Latin America Upstream Research team.

Oil production will begin within months at the Liza Phase 1 Development and this will be followed by the already sanctioned Liza Phase 2 project, targeted for a 2022 start-up.

Analysts have said approval of multiple developments will serve to boost investor confidence, including that of Guyanese businesses, which are now in the process of building capacity and learning more about an industry that is new to the country.

However, political uncertainty and an overdue election, now expected by Q1 2020, could potentially slow down project approvals, and in so doing, much-needed revenue that could help bring economic transformation for the Guyanese people. With a small population of just over 750,000, Guyana could potentially become one of the richest countries in the world in per capita terms as oil production is expected to hit 1 million barrels per day by 2030.

US oil major ExxonMobil is targeting two new wells on its Stabroek Block following the company’s 14th discovery announced last week at Tripletail. Tullow Oil, which announced the Jethro-Lobe discovery on the Orinduik block in August quickly followed it with Joe, where the company made its second oil strike offshore Guyana. Carapa, a Repsol-operated well, is planned on the Kanuku block to the south in September, with results expected by Q4.

“Repsol is proud to be operating in Guyana, where we have been present for more than 20 years. We remain on track to spud the Carapa exploration well in the third quarter on the Kanuku Block with our joint interest owners Tullow and Total,” Ryan Ramjit, Repsol Country Exploration Manager for Guyana and the Eastern Caribbean, recently told OilNOW.  Jethro, which contains about 100 million recoverable barrels of oil equivalent and is situated in the northeast corner of Orinduik, bordering Stabroek, was the first rival find in a region that appears abundant with crude.
The ExxonMobil-led group, which includes Hess and China’s CNOOC, is now preparing to spud two exploration wells – Uaru, and Mako – at the Stabroek Block. “They’ll be coming up here later this year and they’ll be drilling here as we get into the latter part of 2019,” Deedra Moe, ExxonMobil Guyana Senior Director, Public and Government Affairs, told OilNOW during an interview last week at the company’s Kingston, Georgetown office.  The company currently has three drillships on the block and a fourth – the Noble Don Taylor – is expected to arrive in October.

Hess, ExxonMobil and smaller partners also plan to drill the Kaieteur block to the north in 2020 while CGX Energy is targeting the Utakwaaka-1 well on its Corentyne block by the end of this year.

With 556 offshore rig days in Guyana for the first half of 2019, the South American country – a newcomer to oil and gas – has now surpassed its Caribbean neighbour, Trinidad and Tobago, with exploration activities.  The 120,000 barrels per day Liza Destiny FPSO – Guyana’s first oil production complex – has also arrived offshore where it is being hooked up to the subsea to begin oil production within months..
After the politics get straightened out in Guyana, a gas line from Exxon’s well could be laid to shore to power the gas plant.
LNG plant could also be built to both assure reliable power (storage) and a new source of fuel for the huge developing boat industry.

  Another oil discovery Monday, September 16, 2019 in Stabroek block Guyana 33 meters of a high-quality oil sandstone
ExxonMobil has made an oil discovery in the the closely watched Stabroek block offshore Guyana, the supermajor announced on Monday.

The discovery in the Tripletail-1 well in the Turbot area adds to the previously announced estimated recoverable resource of more than 6 billion oil-equivalent barrels on the Stabroek block.

Tripletail-1, drilled in 2,003 meters water depth, is located approximately 5 kilometers northeast of the Longtail discovery, encountered approximately 33 meters of a high-quality oil bearing sandstone reservoir. After completion of operations at Tripletail, the Noble Tom Madden drillship will next drill the Uaru-1 well, located approximately 10 kilometers east of the Liza field.

“This discovery helps to further inform the development of the Turbot area,” said Mike Cousins, senior vice president of exploration and new ventures at ExxonMobil. “Together with our partners, ExxonMobil is deploying industry-leading capabilities to identify projects that can be developed efficiently and in a cost-effective way.”

Noble Tom Madden
Exploration and development activities are moving forward elsewhere on the Stabroek Block offshore Guyana. The Stena Carron drillship is currently drilling the Ranger-2 well and upon completion will conduct a well test at Yellowtail-1.
The Noble Bob Douglas drillship is currently completing development drilling operations for the Liza Phase 1 project.
ExxonMobil will add a fourth drillship, the Noble Don Taylor, in October 2019 as we continue to optimize our drilling plans based on well results and ongoing study of the basin.

The Liza Phase 1 development remains on schedule to start up by early 2020 and will produce up to 120,000 barrels of oil per day utilizing the Liza Destiny floating production storage and offloading (FPSO), which arrived in Guyana on August 29, 2019.

ExxonMobil approved funding for the Liza Phase 2 development after it received government and regulatory approvals in May 2019. Expected to startup by mid-2022, the project plans to use the Liza Unity FPSO to produce up to 220,000 barrels of oil per day. Pending government approvals, a third development, Payara startup could be as early as 2023 and production would reach an estimated 220,000 barrels of oil per day.

ExxonMobil affiliate Esso Exploration and Production Guyana Limited is operator and holds 45% interest in the 26,800-square-kilometer Stabroek Block. Hess Guyana Exploration Ltd. holds 30% interest and CNOOC Petroleum Guyana Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of CNOOC Limited, holds 25% interest.

  Tullow Second Discovery Offshore Guyana  September 16, 2019 the first Upper Tertiary discovery in Guyana
Tullow Oil announced it has made a second oil discovery on the Orinduik block, opening a new Upper Tertiary oil play in the Guyana offshore basin.

The Joe-1 exploration well was drilled by the Stena Forth drillship to a total depth of 2,175 meters in 780 meters water depth. Evaluation of logging and sampling data has confirmed that Joe-1 has encountered 14 meters of net oil pay in high-quality oil bearing sandstone reservoirs of Upper Tertiary age.
Joe is the first oil discovery to be made in the Upper Tertiary and de-risks the petroleum system in the west of the Orinduik block, where a significant number of Tertiary and Cretaceous age prospects have been identified, Tullow said.

Tullow and its partners will now evaluate data from the Joe-1 discovery alongside data from the Jethro-1 discovery announced in August 2019 and await the outcome of the Carapa well to determine the optimal follow-on exploration and appraisal program, the company said.

Tullow Guyana B.V. is the operator of the Orinduik block with a 60% stake. Total E&P Guyana B.V. holds 25% with the remaining 15% being held by Eco (Atlantic) Guyana Inc.
On completion of operations, the Stena Forth drill ship will depart Guyana and return to Ghana.

Angus McCoss, Exploration Director, said, “I am very pleased that we have made back-to-back discoveries in Guyana and successfully opened a new, shallower play in the Upper Tertiary age of the Guyana basin with our second well. The Joe-1 discovery and its surrounding prospects represent another area of significant potential in the Orinduik block and we are greatly looking forward to the next phase of the program as we continue to unlock the multi-billion barrel potential of this acreage.”

Colin Kinley, COO and Co-Founder of Eco Atlantic, said, "The Joe-1 discovery has now opened up an additional play on the Orinduik block that further defines the full potential for Eco and our partners in Guyana. Our initial interpretation, prior to drilling, defined over a dozen potential resource targets throughout the entire hydrocarbon section. We set a strategy to first focus on these shallower Tertiary plays as they have a huge positive effect on overall economics and allow a speedy path to production. Fast, low risk drilling to thick, clean, high porosity oil-bearing sands has decreased the drilling costs and greatly de-risks the development. This new discovery in the Upper Tertiary has opened a new play, the first Upper Tertiary discovery in Guyana, throughout our block, just as the Jethro-1 discovery did in the Lower Tertiary section. It has greatly increased our chance of success on our upcoming drilling targets and significantly de-risks other resource not previously considered in our interpretation."

Gil Holzman, CEO and Co-Founder of Eco Atlantic, said, "Yet another oil discovery for Eco in Guyana, and we are delighted to have been successful on both of our first two wells. We share this success with the people of Guyana and our great partners at Tullow and Total. With Jethro and Joe as two proven oil discoveries on our block, in two separate horizons, and with multiple drilling targets in front of us, we are in a great place. We are well funded and budgeted to drill more prospects, as we continue to develop a world class asset for Guyana and for our shareholders. The Joe-1 discovery, only a month after the Jethro-1 discovery, is very material for us as it has proven that our theory of shallow low-cost plays exists in Guyana, as we are up-dip from the huge Exxon fields at Liza and Turbot areas, with good quality sands and oil that is clearly present on our block. Extrapolating the overall extent of the play, the quality and accuracy of our interpretation and the significant upside as defined in our CPR, we now have a clear path to making further discoveries, and additional shareholders value creation."
Tullow Oil plans to drill three or more oil exploration wells in Guyana next year, Chief Executive Officer Paul McDade said on Monday after the firm's second oil discovery in the country.

"Guyana continues to be encouraged by the prolific rate of discovery in our country," Mark Bynoe, the government's energy director, said in a statement. "The time is ripe for all Guyanese to focus on how they want to see their oil revenues spent and invested."

Although the Joe-1 discovery was smaller than initially estimated, it offers Tullow and its partners a better understanding of the block to decide on further exploration drilling and development of production, McDade told Reuters. "It is a balance between how much new exploration we do next year to build gross volume on the blocks versus how much appraisal we do to start to move ahead with the development of the block," he said.  "We'd be drilling around three wells or more next year. I'd be surprised if we didn't drill that many," he said, referring both to the Orinduik and the Kanuku blocks. The Joe-1 well met 14 metres of net oil pay in high-quality oil bearing sandstone reservoirs of Upper Tertiary age. Tullow is the operator of the Orinduik block, with a 60% stake. France's Total SA holds 25% and Toronto-listed Eco Atlantic has the remaining 15%. "Another discovery in Guyana, although (it) has come in smaller than expected and is unlikely to be developed as a standalone," BMO Capital Markets said in a note.

CEO of Eco Atlantic Oil and Gas Gil Holzman says that with the rare back to back oil finds in the Jethro-1 and Joe-1 wells in the Orinduik Block offshore Guyana, he believes that this is a portent of even greater things to come. The discoveries at the Jethro-1 well and the Joe-1 well came about two weeks apart.
Eco Atlantic is a 15 percent stakeholder in the Orinduik Block along with Tullow Oil Plc. (50 percent) and Total (25 percent). The joint venture partners have made two discoveries in a matter of weeks and have concluded that the latest site could yield even more recoverable oil.
Holzman said that the massive success rate of ExxonMobil’s discoveries in the Stabroek Block – especially the Hammerhead discovery – is good news for Eco Atlantic and its partners as the areas of interest are being further de-risked. “Following the two discoveries and the opportunity presented by Hammerhead, Orinduik now looks like a big pool of oil traps when looked at with fresh eyes. The data gathered in the last month or so really strengthens our ability to interpret the field for future development – where the real opportunity lies,” said Holzman.

Liza Destiny Fastest production ramp-up ever undertaken on track for first oil
ByOilNOW -September 5, 2019
Plans are moving along rapidly in South America’s newest oil and gas hotspot for the start of oil production, now just months away. The arrival of the Liza Destiny FPSO in Guyana was announced on August 29, paving the way for first oil by Q1 2020.
SURF installation and completion of development drilling for the Liza Phase 1 project are over 70 percent complete.

According to Guyana’s Maritime Administration Department (MARAD), the installation operation for the Liza Destiny — which can run until December — will see the use of several vessels including the AHT ALP Defender, AHT ALP Sweeper, AHT ALP Normand Drott, AHT ALP Far Sapphire and PL Norman Installer.

This FPSO is a significant component of the Liza Phase 1 development which involves four undersea drill centers with 17 production wells. During normal operations, there will be at least 80 persons living and working onboard the vessel.

MARAD said the FPSO along with the support vessels will initially be positioned in a staging area for approximately 14 days. On or before September 11, 2019, the FPSO and support vessels will then move from the staging area into the final Liza Phase 1 location.

Phase 1 will see a total of 17 wells being drilled, eight of which will produce oil, while six will be used for water injection and three for gas injection. Some of the associated gas will be used to generate power and operate the FPSO while the rest will be reinjected.  Industry analyst Wood Mackenzie estimates that Guyana production will hit 800,000 bpd by 2026, making the country the 5th largest deepwater producer globally, with potential to exceed 1 million barrels per day at peak.

Chairman and Chief Analyst, Simon Flowers says outside of OPEC, countries with production on this scale can be counted on two hands: Canada, USA and Mexico; UK and Norway; China, Brazil and Oman; Russia and most recently Kazakhstan – the only new member in the 21st century. “Guyana, with no upstream oil industry four years ago, has a good chance of joining this elite group,” Flowers points out. With oil production, significant revenue will begin flowing to the government providing opportunities for transformational projects in the country of just around 750,000 people.

Government income from Liza Phase 1 is estimated at 7 billion US dollars over the life of the project. Norway-based Rystad Energy says from the 13 discoveries combined at Stabroek Block, Guyana is projected to earn around 17.5 billion US dollars. This will rapidly increase as other discoveries both at Stabroek and beyond, like Tullow’s recent oil strike at Orinduik, are added. With billions of dollars coming its way, Guyana must ensure systems are in place to manage oil revenue. While a natural resources fund – Guyana’s version of a sovereign wealth fund – has been signed into law, it is yet to become operational. Finance Minister, Winston Jordan told OilNOW in a recent interview that a number of committees have to be constituted before the fund becomes operational and there has been a sloth in getting this done.  Political uncertainty triggered by a no confidence motion passed in December paving the way for early election, which has since been delayed, is impacting government’s preparation for oil production. Nevertheless, both the government and the opposition have signaled that revenues flowing to the country from oil production is in the best interest of its people.  Already, more than $29 billion Guyana dollars ($125,314,542 US$) have been expended on the procurement of goods and services in the country by ExxonMobil Guyana and its major contractors.


Joe-1 encountered 14 metres net oil pay high-quality oil sandstone of Upper Tertiary age. Monday, September 16, 2019
The Joe-1 exploration well was drilled by the Stena Forth drillship to a Total Depth of 2,175 metres in water depth of 780 metres. Evaluation of logging and sampling data has confirmed that Joe-1 has encountered 14 metres of net oil pay in high-quality oil bearing sandstone reservoirs of Upper Tertiary age. Joe is the first oil discovery to be made in the Upper Tertiary and de-risks the petroleum system in the west of the Orinduik block, where a significant number of Tertiary and Cretaceous age prospects have been identified.

Tullow and its Partners will now evaluate data from the Joe-1 discovery alongside data from the Jethro-1 discovery announced in August 2019 and await the outcome of the Carapa well to determine the optimal follow-on exploration and appraisal programme. 

Commenting on the discovery, Director of Guyana’s Department of Energy, Dr. Mark Bynoe said, “The Co-operative Republic of Guyana continues to be encouraged by the prolific rate of discovery in our country. Every Guyanese can be assured that the Government will continue to work conscientiously to pursue the most effective and efficient marketing strategies of Guyana’s crude entitlement to transform our economy and to implement sustainable development programmes from which all Guyanese can benefit. “Guyana’s future is bright but more importantly, the time is ripe for all Guyanese to focus on how they want to see their oil revenues spent and invested”, Dr. Bynoe said.

The non-operated Carapa-1 well on the Kanuku licence (Tullow 37.5%) is scheduled to commence drilling in late September with the Rowan EXL II jack-up rig and will test the Cretaceous oil play with a result due in the fourth quarter of 2019.

Joe-1 was drilled on the Orinduik licence, offshore Guyana by Tullow’s wholly owned subsidiary Tullow Guyana B.V. Tullow Guyana B.V. is the operator of the Orinduik block with a 60% stake. Total E&P Guyana B.V.  holds 25% with the remaining 15% being held by Eco (Atlantic) Guyana Inc. On completion of operations, the Stena Forth drill ship will depart Guyana and return to Ghana.
ExxonMobil’s Liza development off Guyana slated for early startup in December 2019, by Offshore Energy Today Staff
The ExxonMobil-operated Liza-1 development, located in the Stabroek Block offshore Guyana, is now expected to start production through the Liza Destiny FPSO in December 2019, which is earlier than expected.
The Liza field sits in the giant Stabroek block, which covers almost 27,000 square kilometers, circa 200 kilometers offshore Guyana. ExxonMobil has struck more than a dozen oil discoveries at the block which are yet to be developed, meaning a couple of more FPSOs should be deployed in Guyana in the upcoming years.  The Stabroek Block is operated by ExxonMobil with a 45% interest while Hess and CNOOC Petroleum have 30% and 25% interest, respectively.
According to a Wednesday report by Hess, production from Phase 1 of Liza development is now targeted for startup in December 2019. First oil was previously expected to be produced in the first quarter of 2020.

Hess Chief Executive Officer, John Hess, said: “In September, we announced our 14th discovery in the Stabroek Block at Tripletail, offshore Guyana and are now targeting December for first oil from the Liza-1 development.”

The Liza Phase 1 development is now targeted to start production in December of this year and will produce up to 120,000 gross bopd utilizing the Liza Destiny FPSO, which arrived in Guyana on August 29, 2019. The FPSO was converted from a VLCC by Keppel. It will be able to store 1.6 million barrels of crude oil.

The Liza Phase 2 development was sanctioned in May 2019 and will use the Liza Unity FPSO to produce up to 220,000 gross bopd, with first oil expected by mid-2022. Pending government approvals, a third development, Payara, is expected to produce up to 220,000 bopd with startup in 2023.

Full speed ahead on Stabroek Block
Hess also said that exploration and development drilling activities continue on the Stabroek Block.  After completion of operations at Tripletail, the Noble Tom Madden drillship will next drill the Uaru-1 exploration well, located approximately 10 miles east of the Liza-1 well.
The Stena Carron drillship is continuing drilling and evaluation activity at Ranger-2. The drillship will next conduct a production test at Yellowtail-1.
The Noble Bob Douglas drillship is currently conducting development drilling operations for the Liza Phase 1 project.
A fourth drillship, the Noble Don Taylor, is expected to arrive in Guyana in November 2019 and will drill the Mako-1 exploration well located approximately 6 miles south of the Liza-1 well.
The 120,000 bpd Liza Destiny FPSO
First major job of post-election gov’t in Guyana is to build O&G capacity
ByOilNOW -October 25, 2019
The South American country of Guyana, where US oil major ExxonMobil has so far found more than 6 billion barrels of oil equivalent, is set to elect a new government just months after the country’s first barrel of oil is produced. The new administration will be coming in at a time when a number of key initiatives, many of which are in various stages of planning, will have to be rapidly developed if Guyana is to be fully prepared for its emerging oil and gas industry and the management of sizeable revenue that will begin flowing to the state.

Former Energy Minister of Trinidad and Tobago, Kevin Ramnarine, says whoever wins the March 2020 elections will have a momentous task of putting the right systems in place for the management of the oil and gas sector. Speaking during a recent series of one on one discussions on the oil and gas sector in Georgetown, Ramnarine pointed out that the Guyana Government has only managed to put in place legislation for the Natural Resources Fund (NRF), its version of a Sovereign Wealth Fund, while other critical legislation is still to be enacted.

Nevertheless, he commended the model being used by Guyana in the creation of the wealth fund, where revenues from the sector is first placed in the fund, a portion is then saved and another portion goes into the treasury, which, in turn, is spent on the development of other sectors.  This is significantly different from what takes place in Trinidad, “where the money first come into the consolidated fund and then what is left is saved.”

While legislation has been passed to establish the NRF, the country’s finance minister, Winston Jordan, has said it is not expected that the fund will become operational until after the 2020 election.  Ramnarine said a lot of work has to be done to organize the oil and gas sector of Guyana, including legislation that has to be put in place to set up entities such as the Petroleum Commission.
“One of the things that Guyana has to quickly address is the infrastructure to support this industry and by that I mean, things like shore bases and things like electricity and so on to support the shore bases have to come on board so it is going to be a very steep learning curve and it is going to be a lot of ramping up of capacity, but I think that the country has done well so far,” he further pointed out.  Commenting on the events following the December 21, 2018 no-confidence motion against the Government, Ramnarine said while there was previously a long period of uncertainty surrounding the electoral process, “It has not had an impact on the timetable set by ExxonMobil and I have also said it would not have affected the appetite of investors like Tullow, Repsol and others.”
He believes the protracted nature of the stalemate between the no-confidence motion and the President announcing the date affected the appetite for investment by local businesses in Guyana as well as Trinidad investors, who he said, “were sort of held back, because of the uncertainty.”
Looking past the election, Ramnarine said, “Whoever gets into power will have to move quickly to have legislation in place that is able to regulate the oil and gas sector as well as build the institutional capacity…but clearly the announcement of the date for the election was a step in the right direction.  The former energy Minister says he is also open to serving in an advisory capacity in Guyana’s oil and gas sector, once he is approached.

ExxonMobil is on schedule to begin oil production by 2020 with the Liza Phase 1 Development project.

Both the Guyana government and opposition have said in recent months that elections will not slow down offshore development. So far, oil exploration and preparation for production have been progressing unhindered and a permit was granted for Phase 2 of the Liza Development as recent as May.
The Liza Destiny FPSO moored at the Stabroek Block, offshore Guyana. by OILNow
The projected revenues the South American country of Guyana is set to receive from oil production have been steadily growing since approval of the first offshore development at the giant Liza field.

The Liza Phase 1 Development, sanctioned in June 2017, will begin producing oil within months, marking a milestone in the country’s history and ushering in a new era of hope for the small nation of just over 750,000 people. This project is said to be one of the fastest production ramp-ups in the industry, moving from discovery in 2015 to development just over 4 years later.

US oil major ExxonMobil, operator at the 6.6 million acres Stabroek Block, has to date made a record 14 discoveries offshore, amounting to well over 6 billion barrels of oil equivalent.
These massive oil finds have served to continuously increase the number of potential developments at the Stabroek Block with industry analyst Wood Mackenzie projecting that by 2026, 6 FPSOs could be producing more than 800,000 barrels of oil per day. This is set to ramp up even further, exceeding a potential 1 million barrels per day by the end of the next decade.

With volatility in global oil prices and a high degree of uncertainty about the long-term value of these resources, Wood Mackenzie has said rapid development of the oil fields will maximise benefits to the South American country.

Under the Stabroek PSA Guyana will be receiving half the profits from oil sold and 2 percent royalty off the top. Under these terms, Norway-based Rystad Energy has projected that government revenues from 13 of the 14 discoveries made at Stabroek so far, would amount to 117.5 billion US dollars. This will increase further when the development of all current discoveries is taken into account coupled with the potential for more oil strikes, as exploration activities continue.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has said the commencement of oil production in 2020 presents an opportunity for Guyana to scale-up capital and current spending at a measured pace over the medium term to address infrastructure gaps and human development needs, while reducing debt sustainability concerns. The IMF forecasts that the economy will grow 86% in 2020 as oil production comes online, and average 13.7% growth over the following four years.

These favourable projections are being made within the framework of a rapid resource development plan being pursued by ExxonMobil. This has so far been supported and approved by the Guyana government with the understanding that more offshore developments mean more oil produced and sold and this translates to more revenue flowing to the country sooner rather than later. Additionally, more activities in Guyana’s offshore basin serves to bolster the country’s position as it seeks to have the International Court of Justice reaffirm an international tribunal ruling which unanimously settled the border dispute with neighbouring Venezuela back in 1899, but which that country, since 1962, claims is invalid. This has implications for two-thirds of Guyana’s land and its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) which includes its oil-rich waters.

The government’s continued support for development of its petroleum resources will ensure revenue projections to the country continue to rise, further strengthening its ability to elevate living standards and transform the economy.

Already, the Liza Phase 2 Development has been approved and a third development at the Payara field is currently being reviewed by authorities. The expectation, in keeping with Guyana’s development needs, is that this third project will be approved soon, adding to the country’s projected revenue stream from its petroleum resources.

“People have borne in mind the timeliness needed to develop these resources so they always question what will be the value of these resources if oil is still in the ground in fifteen years from now. So, bringing the oil revenues in earlier and then using it to diversify the economy and also to provide the country with cheaper energy – I think these are two of the key goals,” says Luiz Hayum, Senior Analyst at Wood Mackenzie’s Latin America Upstream Research team.
Exxon to begin drilling development wells for Liza Phase 2 early next year (2020) ByOilNOW -July 6, 2019
ExxonMobil Guyana will begin drilling development wells for the 220,000 barrels per day Liza Phase 2 Development project early 2020 and is already looking to bring in a fourth drill ship by the end of this year, to facilitate the process.

So says GeoScience Upstream Manager at ExxonMobil Guyana, Doug McGehee, speaking at the launch of the Georgetown Chambers of Commerce and Industry (GCCI) Business Guyana magazine on Friday evening at the Pegasus Hotel in Georgetown.
“We’re going to need to start drilling the development wells for Liza Phase 2 early next year. So, if we have three rigs; one of them – Noble Bob Douglas – drilling development wells for Phase 1, next year another one of those rigs that is now drilling exploration wells will start drilling development wells – the Noble Tom Madden. That leaves us only one rig drilling exploration wells,” he said.
“Well if we keep finding oil, we are going to need another rig; so that’s why we are bringing in a fourth rig,” the GeoScience Upstream Manager told those gathered.

Finding oil is what the company has been doing in the South American country, almost on a nonstop basis since 2015 when it made the giant Liza discovery on the now prolific Stabroek Block. ExxonMobil has made a record 13 discoveries with just two dry holes. Current estimated recoverable reserves exceed 5.5 billion barrels of oil equivalent and analysts believe more discoveries are on the way from multiple play types yet to be explored.

On May 3 the company announced that it will be proceeding with the US$6 billion Liza Phase 2 Development project after final approval was granted by authorities in Guyana.

A total of six drill centers are planned as well as approximately 30 wells, including 15 production, nine water injection and six gas injection wells.
Phase 2 startup is expected in mid-2022 and will develop approximately 600 million barrels of oil.
Meanwhile, first oil from the 120,000 barrels per day Liza Phase 1 Development is set for Q1 2020.
Orinduik partners reviewing drilling strategy, budget plan for 2020 campaign ByOilNOW -October 24, 2019
Eco Atlantic, together with its JV Partners on the Orinduik Block, Tullow Guyana B.V. (Operator, 60% Working Interest) and Total E&P Guyana B.V. (25% WI) are currently reviewing a post discovery drilling strategy and supplemental budget, for which Eco will pay its net 15% working interest funded from its existing cash resources. In an operational update on Thursday, Eco Atlantic said this includes post discovery activities on the two recent oil strikes offshore Guyana, additional exploration research in relation to future well target selection, and costs associated with activities for the further wells being considered for drilling in 2020.

“Our evaluation of the well data to date on the Jethro-1 discovery has confirmed that the sands intersected were as had been anticipated in our CPR,” the company said.

Interpretation of the data from the Joe-1 discovery is ongoing. There is the potential for more resource than previously anticipated, and the reservoir and proven oil charge in the Upper Tertiary sands on Joe‐1 provides encouragement in relation to many other Upper Tertiary age locations throughout the Orinduik Block.
“Our Jethro‐Lobe discovery, announced in August 2019, is in a clean Lower Tertiary amalgamated sandstone. Tullow described the Jethro-1 well, upon discovery, as having the potential to be a standalone commercial discovery, having a clear seismic definition and excellent reservoir. The JV Partners are currently evaluating the requirements for an appraisal well,” Colin Kinley, Co‐Founder and Chief Operating Officer for Eco said.
The Joe‐1 discovery on the Orinduik Block, announced in September 2019, is in a shallow, clean, Upper Tertiary age channel sandstone. Kinley said not only have the co-venturers opened a new shallow play, furthering and de-risking other opportunities on the Block, “we have also done this cost effectively. Joe-1, the second well on the Orinduik Block, was drilled at less than half of Jethro-1’s cost, on budget – under $21 million gross. We believe that these lower drilling costs positively affect development economics in this play.”

As was the case with the Jethro‐Lobe well, Kinley said the co-venturers were able to clearly define the target on the 3D seismic section of Joe‐1, and the well results were in line with our pre-drill expectations. The reservoir and the proven oil charge in the Upper Tertiary sands in Joe -1 also provides encouragement in relation to many other Upper Tertiary locations throughout the Orinduik Block, for example the nearby off‐setting Jimmy prospect where Eco believes we now have a significant increase in the Chance of Success as it appears to be in the same charged sands.
“With further processing and interpretation of 3D seismic data, now correlated with our two well discoveries, the location of further wells to be drilled in 2020 will be defined within the next few months,” he said.

In addition to geological and geophysical interpretation work, Eco and its JV Partners have now begun operational budget planning to secure commercially attractive proposals for the timely provision of materials and services required to allow for the drilling program in 2020.  “After great success in our 2019 drilling campaign, with two significant oil discoveries, the JV Partners on the Orinduik Block have many additional targets to consider in the near term. The newly learned results on Orinduik and the results from the Carapa well currently being drilled in shallow water on Repsol’s adjacent Kanuku Block, just south of the Orinduik, will greatly assist in our interpretation and selection of future drilling targets,” Gil Holzman, Co‐Founder and Chief Executive Officer for Eco stated.  He said the co-venturers are pleased to support the further work in 2019 and look forward to approving the 2020 drilling program and budget once finalized. The explorers are sufficiently capitalized for drilling further wells in the 2020 program, he stated.  “With ample de-risked prospects and targets on the highly prospective Orinduik Block, Eco is well positioned to continue to generate material shareholder value.” Holzman said.

The CEO said while the company is extremely pleased with the Guyana discoveries and excited by the near‐term drilling plans, “we also continue to advance exploration and value creation on our four Namibian offshore blocks, where we are seeing an increased inbound interest and drilling activity in the region.”
Rowan Jack up rig arrives for Repsol drill campaign at Kanuku Block ByOilNOW -October 21, 2019
The Rowan/Valaris EXL II jack up rig has arrived in Guyana’s waters in preparation for drilling in the offshore Kanuku Block for Repsol, following its drilling campaigns in Trinidad over the past few years for petroleum giant BP.

Services company RAMPS Logistics Guyana’s team is coordinated the customs clearance for the rig to enter into the country’s waters. The rig will drill one well, Carapa-1, for Repsol, in its Kanuku Block, with potential for drilling a further two wells in 2020.













The Carapa prospect is said to be a 200-million-barrel Cretaceous target located in 70m of water within the Kanuku Block, which is almost 2000 sq km. Spanish oil company Repsol being is the operator with a 37.5 stake. The other partners are Tullow (37.5%) and Total (25%).
The Kanuku block is located to the south of the prolific Exxon Mobil-operated Stabroek block, where the US supermajor has made a record 14 discoveries with an estimated recoverable resource of more than 6 billion barrels of oil equivalent.




 
Apache spuds wildcat off Suriname 4 October 2019 with Noble Sam Croft;  closely on-trend with ExxonMobil’s Turbot discovery
US player under way at well on block close to ExxonMobil's Turbot discovery in neighbouring Guyana
 
US independent Apache has spud a wildcat on Suriname’s Block 58, probing a prospect considered to be closely on-trend with ExxonMobil’s Turbot discovery in neighbouring Guyana.
The Guiana Basin (which was previously called the Guyana-Suriname Basin) extends from Venezuela in the north-west to French Guiana and into Brazil in the south-east and is a half-graben Atlantic-margin basin on the north-east coast of South America. In 2002 the US Geological Survey ranked it as the second most attractive under-explored basin in the world, with the potential for around 15 Bboe of undiscovered resources, which is very impressive for a basin with no offshore discoveries. This is because the basin has the world class Cenomanian - Turonian Canje (CTC) mature source rocks which can be up to 550m thick in the central part of the basin and have up to 30% organic carbon content (both kerogen and bitumen). The main reservoir targets, Upper Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary basin floor fans and shelf-margin deposits, directly overlie the source rocks further enhancing the basin potential.

As ExxonMobil prepares to put the Liza field in Guyana onstream in Q1 2020, companies on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, as well as many of the 780,000 inhabitants of Guyana and its neighbour Suriname are keen to see if their exploration success can be replicated by other explorers, most notably Tullow Oil and Repsol in Guyana, and by Apache Corp. in Suriname.

Frontier exploration success is undoubtedly helped by longer time frames and larger budgets, something which has traditionally been the preserve of the Supermajors. Independent explorers play a higher risk game, steered by short- to medium-term market and shareholder expectations. Smaller exploration budgets and a need for rapid monetization, mean that they have to rely on exploration skills, experience and knowledge to shorten the exploration time frame.

ExxonMobil’s Stabroek block lies approximately 190 km offshore and extends northwest to southeast across the Guyana’s entire maritime area, in waters that are 800-2000m deep. Around 15% of the block lies in waters that are contested with Venezuela and exploration has tended to focus in the central and southwestern areas (the maritime boundary with Suriname was agreed in 2007). Liza-1 encountered over 90m of high-quality oil-bearing Cretaceous sandstone reservoirs and was rapidly followed by 12 more oil discoveries (Payara, Liza Deep, Snoek, Turbot, Ranger, Pacora, Longtail, Hammerhead, Pluma, Tilapia, Haimara and Yellowtail). With more than 5.5 Bboe of gross recoverable resources and a success rate of over 80%, by 2018 Stabroek had become the most prolific exploration acreage in the world and the US Geological Survey’s assessment appeared vindicated.


Tullow, Eco Spud Joe-1 Well in Guyana  August 27, 2019 -- Upper Tertiary age
Tullow makes first oil discovery on Orinduik license offshore Guyana -- Lower Tertiary age
Tullow Oil has made an oil discovery at its Jethro-1 exploration well, drilled on the Orinduik license offshore Guyana. The Jethro-1 was spud in early July, using the Stena Forth drillship. It was drilled to a Total Depth of 4,400m meters in approximately 1,350 meters of water.Tullow said on Monday that evaluation of logging data confirms that Jethro-1 is the first discovery on the Orinduik license and comprises high quality oil bearing sandstone reservoirs of Lower Tertiary age.

The well encountered 55m of net oil pay which supports a recoverable oil resource estimate which exceeds Tullow’s pre-drill forecast. Tullow will now evaluate the data from the Jethro discovery and determine appropriate appraisal activity. According to Tullow, this discovery significantly de-risks other Tertiary age prospects on the Orinduik license, including the shallower Upper Tertiary Joe prospect which will start drilling later this month following the conclusion of operations at the Jethro-1 well.
The non-operated Carapa 1 well will be drilled, later this year, on the adjacent Kanuku license to test the Cretaceous oil play.

Tullow is the operator of the Orinduik block with a 60% stake. Total holds 25% with the remaining 15% being held by Eco(Atlantic) Guyana Inc.
Paul McDade, Chief Executive Officer, commented today: “This substantial and high value oil discovery in Guyana is an outcome of the significant technical and commercial focus which has underpinned the reset of our exploration portfolio. It is an excellent start to our drilling campaign in the highly prolific Guyana oil province. We look forward to drilling both the Joe and Carapa prospects in our 2019 drilling campaign and the material follow-up exploration potential in both the Orinduik and Kanuku licenses.”

In a separate statement on Monday Eco Atlantic said that Jethro-1 is a significant oil discovery. Colin Kinley, COO and Co-Founder of Eco Atlantic, commented: “Jethro is a fantastic find for us. This discovery was made due to our team at Eco and Kinley Exploration stepping out beyond the conventional exploration plays and seeking new resources through old-fashioned exploration science. “The Jethro-1 well confirms the continuance of the petroleum system onto the Orinduik Block, up dip from the prolific discoveries on the Exxon-operated Stabroek Block (5.5 billion boe of recoverable resources).
The well has resulted in a mitigation of risk of the presence of quality reservoir sands, seal and trap parameters. We have multiple drilling targets on the block with similar geophysical characteristics and we are moving the Stena Forth drillship immediately to its next target, Joe-1. The Joe-1 location is just a short move to a shallower target, and is expected to spud mid-August.

“The Orinduik Block, and the corner of the block where Jethro is located, were selected and pinned for drilling long before the first Exxon discovery.”

Gil Holzman, CEO and Co-Founder of Eco Atlantic stated: “This is a transformational event for the Company, and we now need to strategically plan for an even brighter future.  With multiple targets to consider, and Joe as the next prospect to be drilled, we will now pursue our evaluation of the timing for wells to develop the Jethro field and to expediently bring it on production. We are funded for at least six additional wells.


Canje Block: Writing the Next Chapter of Guyana’s Exploration Success
Canje Block: Writing the Next Chapter of Guyana’s Exploration Success
The Canje Block lies 180km offshore Guyana in deep to ultra-deep water.  Canje’s environment of deposition is unique among offshore Guyana blocks in that it contains both continental slope and basin floor terrain.  The majority of the discoveries offshore Guyana to date have been made in the slope environment.  Canje will be the first block offshore to test prospects on the basin floor - which have the potential to contain larger accumulations of recoverable hydrocarbons.

Canje’s source story is also unique in that it is blanketed by two world-class source rocks.  Present across the Guyana-Suriname Basin is the Cenomanian/Turonian source, which is locally known as the “Canje source rock.”  This source has been actively generating hydrocarbons for ~6 million years.  The Canje Block is also covered by a much thicker and older Lower Albian source rock which was in place and generating hydrocarbons for over 40 million years.

The proximity to these world-class source rocks means that reservoirs on the Canje block are in direct contact with the source, and are charged through vertical migration.  Effectively, Canje’s reservoirs are filled first before hydrocarbons migrate up-dip to other blocks.

JHI has identified prospects in four proven play types:
•Upper Cretaceous confined channel complexes
•Lower Tertiary channel and lobe systems
•Lower Cretaceous carbonates
•Upper Cretaceous dune forms that haven’t been seen by the drill bit offshore Guyana yet, but which are prolific else where on the Atlantic Margin.
JHI looks forward to testing an Upper Cretaceous confined channel system with its first exploration well - Bulletwood-1 - in 2020.
CANJE BLOCK Area  ~4,800 sq km  Water Depths  1700-3000m  Location ~180-300km offshore Guyana  
CANJE PARTNERS ExxonMobil 35% (Operator)  Total 35%  JHI Associates, Inc. 17.5%  Mid-Atlantic Oil & Gas, Inc. 12.5%




St. Josemaria Escriva de Balaguer
Josemaria Escriva de Balaguer was born in Barbastro, Spain, on January 9, 1902, the second of six children of Jose and Dolores Escriva. Growing up in a devout family and attending Catholic schools, he learned the basic truths of the faith and practices such as frequent confession and communion, the rosary, and almsgiving. The death of three younger sisters, and his father's bankruptcy after business reverses, taught him the meaning of suffering and brought maturity to his outgoing and cheerful temperament. In 1915, the family moved to Logrono, where his father had found new employment.

Beginning in 1918, Josemaria sensed that God was asking something of him, although he didn't know exactly what it was. He decided to become a priest, in order to be available for whatever God wanted of him. He began studying for the priesthood, first in Logrono and later in Saragossa. At his father's suggestion and with the permission of his superiors at the seminary he also began to study civil law. He was ordained a priest and began his pastoral ministry in 1925.

In 1927, Fr. Josemaria moved to Madrid to study for a graduate degree in law. He was accompanied by his mother, sister, and brother, as his father had died in 1924 and he was now head of the family. They were not well-off, and he had to tutor law students to support them. At the same time he carried out a demanding pastoral work, especially among the poor and sick in Madrid, and with young children. He also undertook an apostolate with manual workers, professional people and university students who, by coming into contact with the poor and sick to whom Fr. Josemaria was ministering, learned the practical meaning of charity and their Christian responsibility to help out in the betterment of society.

On October 2, 1928, while making a retreat in Madrid, God showed him his specific mission: he was to found Opus Dei, an institution within the Catholic Church dedicated to helping people in all walks of life to follow Christ, to seek holiness in their daily life and grow in love for God and their fellow men and women. From that moment on, he dedicated all his strength to fulfilling this mission, certain that God had raised up Opus Dei to serve the Church. In 1930, responding to a new illumination from God, he started Opus Dei's apostolic work with women, making clear that they had the same responsibility as men to serve society and the Church.

The first edition of The Way, his most widely read work, was published in 1934 under the title Spiritual Considerations. Expanded and revised, it has gone through many editions since then; more than four million copies in many different languages are now in print. His other spiritual writings include Holy Rosary; The Way of the Cross; two collections of homilies, Christ Is Passing By and Friends of God; and Furrow and The Forge, which like The Way are made up of short points for prayer and reflection.

The development of Opus Dei began among the young people with whom Fr. Josemaria had already been in contact before 1928. Its growth, however, was seriously impeded by the religious persecution inflicted on the Catholic Church during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). The founder himself suffered severe hardships under this persecution but, unlike many other priests, he came out of the war alive. After the war, he traveled throughout the country giving retreats to hundreds of priests at the request of their bishops. Meanwhile Opus Dei spread from Madrid to several other Spanish cities, and as soon as World War II ended in 1945, began starting in other countries. This growth was not without pain; though the Work always had the approval of the local bishops, its then-unfamiliar message of sanctity in the world met with some misunderstandings and suspicions-which the founder bore with great patience and charity.

While celebrating Mass in 1943, Fr. Josemaria received a new foundational grace to establish the Priestly Society of the Holy Cross, which made it possible for some of Opus Dei's lay faithful to be ordained as priests. The full incorporation of both lay faithful and priests in Opus Dei, which makes a seamless cooperation in the apostolic work possible, is an essential feature of the foundational charism of Opus Dei, affirmed by the Church in granting Opus Dei the canonical status of a personal Prelature. In addition, the Priestly Society conducts activities, in full harmony with the bishops of the local churches, for the spiritual development of diocesan priests and seminarians. Diocesan priests can also be part of the Priestly Society, while at the same time remaining clergy of their own dioceses.

Aware that God meant Opus Dei to be part of the mission of the universal Church, the founder moved to Rome in 1946 so as to be close to the Holy See. By 1950 the Work had received pontifical approvals affirming its main foundational features-spreading the message of holiness in daily life; service to the Pope, the universal church, and the particular churches; secularity and naturalness; fostering personal freedom and responsibility, and a pluralism consistent with Catholic moral, political, and social teachings.

Beginning in 1948, full membership in Opus Dei was open to married people. In 1950 the Holy See approved the idea of accepting non-Catholics and even non-Christians as cooperators-persons who assist Opus Dei in its projects and programs without being members. The next decade saw the launching of a wide range of undertakings: professional schools, agricultural training centers, universities, primary and secondary schools, hospitals and clinics, and other initiatives, open to people of all races, religions, and social backgrounds but of manifestly Christian inspiration.

  During Vatican Council II (1962-1965), Monsignor Escriva worked closely with many of the council fathers, discussing key Council themes such as the universal call to holiness and the importance of laypersons in the mission of the Church. Deeply grateful for the Council's teachings, he did everything possible to implement them in the formative activities offered by Opus Dei throughout the world.

Between 1970 and 1975 the founder undertook catechetical trips throughout Europe and Latin America, speaking with many people, at times in large gatherings, about love of God, the sacraments, Christian dedication, and the need to sanctify work and family life. By the time of the founder's death, Opus Dei had spread to thirty nations on six continents. It now (2002) has more than 84,000 members in sixty countries.

Monsignor Escriva's death in Rome came suddenly on June 26, 1975, when he was 73. Large numbers of bishops and ordinary faithful petitioned the Vatican to begin the process for his beatification and canonization. On May 17, 1992, Pope John Paul II declared him Blessed before a huge crowd in St. Peter's Square.
He was canonized-formally declared a saint-on October 6, 2002.

St. Athanasius, Bishop, Doctor of the Church (Memorial)
First Reading
ACTS 15:7-21
7 And after there had been much debate, Peter rose and said to them, "Brethren, you know that in the early days God made choice among you, that by my mouth the Gentiles should hear the word of the gospel and believe. 8 And God who knows the heart bore witness to them, giving them the Holy Spirit just as he did to us; 9 and he made no distinction between us and them, but cleansed their hearts by faith. 10 Now therefore why do you make trial of God by putting a yoke upon the neck of the disciples which neither our fathers nor we have been able to bear? 11 But we believe that we shall be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they will." 12 And all the assembly kept silence; and they listened to Barnabas and Paul as they related what signs and wonders God had done through them among the Gentiles. 13 After they finished speaking, James replied, "Brethren, listen to me. 14 Simeon has related how God first visited the Gentiles, to take out of them a people for his name. 15 And with this the words of the prophets agree, as it is written, 16 `After this I will return, and I will rebuild the dwelling of David, which has fallen; I will rebuild its ruins, and I will set it up, 17 that the rest of men may seek the Lord, and all the Gentiles who are called by my name, 18 says the Lord, who has made these things known from of old.'  19 Therefore my judgment is that we should not trouble those of the Gentiles who turn to God, 20 but should write to them to abstain from the pollutions of idols and from unchastity and from what is strangled and from blood. 21 For from early generations Moses has had in every city those who preach him, for he is read every sabbath in the synagogues."

Responsorial Psalm
PSALMS 96:1-3, 10
1 O sing to the LORD a new song; sing to the LORD, all the earth! 2 Sing to the LORD, bless his name; tell of his salvation from day to day. 3 Declare his glory among the nations, his marvelous works among all the peoples! 10 Say among the nations, "The LORD reigns! Yea, the world is established, it shall never be moved; he will judge the peoples with equity."

Gospel
JOHN 15:9-11
9 As the Father has loved me, so have I loved you; abide in my love. 10 If you keep my commandments, you will abide in my love, just as I have kept my Father's commandments and abide in his love. 11 These things I have spoken to you, that my joy may be in you, and that your joy may be full.

St. Joseph the Worker (Optional Memorial)
Suggested Readings The Gospel is proper
First Reading
GENESIS 1:26--2:3
1 26 Then God said, "Let us make man in our image, after our likeness; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the birds of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps upon the earth." 27 So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them. 28  And God blessed them, and God said to them, "Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth and subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the air and over every living thing that moves upon the earth." 29 And God said, "Behold, I have given you every plant yielding seed which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree with seed in its fruit; you shall have them for food. 30 And to every beast of the earth, and to every bird of the air, and to everything that creeps on the earth, everything that has the breath of life, I have given every green plant for food." And it was so. 31 And God saw everything that he had made, and behold, it was very good. And there was evening and there was morning, a sixth day. 2 1 Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them. 2 And on the seventh day God finished his work which he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had done. 3 So God blessed the seventh day and hallowed it, because on it God rested from all his work which he had done in creation.
Responsorial Psalm
PSALMS 90:2-4, 12-14, 16
2 Before the mountains were brought forth, or ever thou hadst formed the earth and the world, from everlasting to everlasting thou art God. 3 Thou turnest man back to the dust, and sayest, "Turn back, O children of men!" 4 For a thousand years in thy sight are but as yesterday when it is past, or as a watch in the night. 12 So teach us to number our days that we may get a heart of wisdom. 13 Return, O LORD! How long? Have pity on thy servants! 14b Satisfy us in the morning with thy steadfast love, that we may rejoice and be glad all our days. 16b Let thy work be manifest to thy servants, and thy glorious power to their children.
Gospel
MATTHEW 13:54-58
54 and coming to his own country he taught them in their synagogue, so that they were astonished, and said, "Where did this man get this wisdom and these mighty works? 55 Is not this the carpenter's son? Is not his mother called Mary? And are not his brothers James and Joseph and Simon and Judas? 56 And are not all his sisters with us? Where then did this man get all this?" 57 And they took offense at him. But Jesus said to them, "A prophet is not without honor except in his own country and in his own house." 58 And he did not do many mighty works there, because of their unbelief.

First Reading
ACTS 14:19-28
19 But Jews came there from Antioch and Ico'nium; and having persuaded the people, they stoned Paul and dragged him out of the city, supposing that he was dead. 20 But when the disciples gathered about him, he rose up and entered the city; and on the next day he went on with Barnabas to Derbe. 21 When they had preached the gospel to that city and had made many disciples, they returned to Lystra and to Ico'nium and to Antioch, 22 strengthening the souls of the disciples, exhorting them to continue in the faith, and saying that through many tribulations we must enter the kingdom of God. 23 And when they had appointed elders for them in every church, with prayer and fasting they committed them to the Lord in whom they believed. 24 Then they passed through Pisid'ia, and came to Pamphyl'ia. 25 And when they had spoken the word in Perga, they went down to Attali'a; 26 and from there they sailed to Antioch, where they had been commended to the grace of God for the work which they had fulfilled. 27 And when they arrived, they gathered the church together and declared all that God had done with them, and how he had opened a door of faith to the Gentiles. 28 And they remained no little time with the disciples.
Responsorial Psalm
PSALMS 145:10-13, 21
10 All thy works shall give thanks to thee, O LORD, and all thy saints shall bless thee! 11 They shall speak of the glory of thy kingdom, and tell of thy power, 12 to make known to the sons of men thy mighty deeds, and the glorious splendor of thy kingdom. 13 Thy kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and thy dominion endures throughout all generations. The LORD is faithful in all his words, and gracious in all his deeds. 21 My mouth will speak the praise of the LORD, and let all flesh bless his holy name for ever and ever.
Gospel
JOHN 14:27-31
27 Peace I leave with you; my peace I give to you; not as the world gives do I give to you. Let not your hearts be troubled, neither let them be afraid. 28 You heard me say to you, `I go away, and I will come to you.' If you loved me, you would have rejoiced, because I go to the Father; for the Father is greater than I. 29 And now I have told you before it takes place, so that when it does take place, you may believe. 30 I will no longer talk much with you, for the ruler of this world is coming. He has no power over me; 31 but I do as the Father has commanded me, so that the world may know that I love the Father. Rise, let us go hence.

Fifth Sunday of Easter
Gloria – Creed
First Reading
ACTS 9:26-31
26 And when he had come to Jerusalem he attempted to join the disciples; and they were all afraid of him, for they did not believe that he was a disciple. 27 But Barnabas took him, and brought him to the apostles, and declared to them how on the road he had seen the Lord, who spoke to him, and how at Damascus he had preached boldly in the name of Jesus. 28 So he went in and out among them at Jerusalem, 29 preaching boldly in the name of the Lord. And he spoke and disputed against the Hellenists; but they were seeking to kill him. 30 And when the brethren knew it, they brought him down to Caesare'a, and sent him off to Tarsus. 31 So the church throughout all Judea and Galilee and Sama'ria had peace and was built up; and walking in the fear of the Lord and in the comfort of the Holy Spirit it was multiplied.
Responsorial Psalm
PSALMS 22:26-28, 30-32
25 From thee comes my praise in the great congregation; my vows I will pay before those who fear him. 26 The afflicted shall eat and be satisfied; those who seek him shall praise the LORD! May your hearts live for ever! 27 All the ends of the earth shall remember and turn to the LORD; and all the families of the nations shall worship before him. 29 Yea, to him shall all the proud of the earth bow down; before him shall bow all who go down to the dust, and he who cannot keep himself alive. 30 Posterity shall serve him; men shall tell of the Lord to the coming generation, 31 and proclaim his deliverance to a people yet unborn, that he has wrought it.
Second Reading
1 JOHN 3:18-24
18 Little children, let us not love in word or speech but in deed and in truth. 19 By this we shall know that we are of the truth, and reassure our hearts before him 20 whenever our hearts condemn us; for God is greater than our hearts, and he knows everything. 21 Beloved, if our hearts do not condemn us, we have confidence before God; 22 and we receive from him whatever we ask, because we keep his commandments and do what pleases him. 23 And this is his commandment, that we should believe in the name of his Son Jesus Christ and love one another, just as he has commanded us. 24 All who keep his commandments abide in him, and he in them. And by this we know that he abides in us, by the Spirit which he has given us.
Gospel
JOHN 15:1-8
1 "I am the true vine, and my Father is the vinedresser. 2 Every branch of mine that bears no fruit, he takes away, and every branch that does bear fruit he prunes, that it may bear more fruit. 3 You are already made clean by the word which I have spoken to you. 4 Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit by itself, unless it abides in the vine, neither can you, unless you abide in me. 5 I am the vine, you are the branches. He who abides in me, and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing. 6 If a man does not abide in me, he is cast forth as a branch and withers; and the branches are gathered, thrown into the fire and burned. 7 If you abide in me, and my words abide in you, ask whatever you will, and it shall be done for you.

6th v. BC.  Apud Babylónem sancti Ezechiélis Prophétæ, qui, a Júdice pópuli Israël, quod eum de cultu idolórum  argúeret, interféctus, in sepúlcro Sem et Arpháxad, Abrahæ progenitórum,
VII B.C. The Holy Prophetess Oldama (Huldah) lived in the first half profesied  to Josiah he would not see the Woe
         Martyrdom of St. James the Apostle Brother of St. John the Apostle.   copticchurch.net
 115 Martyrs of Rome Saint Alexander while imprisoned he preached to criminals they converted and baptized
 250 St. Apollonius A priest in Egypt, martyred in Alexandria with 5 companions
 250 St. Terence With Africanus, Pompeius, and companions, a group of fifty martyrs
 305 St. Apollonius Martyr of Egypt with Philemon deacon in Antinopolis Faiyoum
 380 The Holy Martyrs James the Presbyter and deacons Azadanes and Abdikius
 380 St Bademus of Persia founded and governed an abbey near Bethlapeta in Persia Abbot M (AC)
THE MASSYL1TAN MARTYRS IN AFRICA,
 661 St. Palladius Bishop of Auxerre, France abbot of St. Germanus until 622, then bishop of the city
 870 St. Beocca martyr of England with Ethor, lledda, Torthred, ninety monks died in Surrey, and others
 883 Bede the Younger chief official at the court of the French Charles the Bald OSB Monk (AC)
1012 St. Macarius the Ghent Bishop of Antioch in Pisidia performing miracles throughout Europe
1028 St. Fulbert Bishop of Chartres France poet scholar aided Cluniac Reform defended monasticism orthodoxy
1130 St. GAUCHER OR GAUTIER ABBOT IN LIMOUSIN
1058 St. Paternus  Irish/Scottish hermit obedience to vow of enclosure caused death monastery caught fire
1110 Saint Malchus of Waterford Irish consecrated the first bishop of Waterford by Saint Anselm OSB B
1386 In the 14th century, during the reign of King Bagrat V (1360–1394), Timur (Tamerlane) invaded Georgia 7 times troops inflicted irreparable damage on country seizing centuries-old treasures razing ancient churches monasteries.
1463  Commemoration of Sts Raphael, Nicholas and Irene of Lesbos (also April 9)
1479 Blessed Mark Fantucci preached throughout Italy, Istria, and Dalmatia. He also visited the friars in Austria, Poland, Russia, and the Levant OFM
1460 Bl. Anthony Neyrot Dominican martyr in Tunis modem Tunisia
1616 Georgia's monasteries and monks destroyed by enormous Persian army
1625 St. Michael de Sanctis life of exemplary fervor devotion to the Most Blessed Sacrament his ecstacies during Mass many miracles After his death at 35
1763 The Holy Martyr Dimos (Demos) a fisherman renounced false charge and confessed his Christianity martyred by  turks buried in the church of Saint George
1821 Priest Martyr Gregory V, Patriarch of Constantinople "I sense... fishes of the Bosphorus will nibble at my body, but I shall die happy in the name of saving my nation".
1835 Saint Madelaine was an orphan taught catechism and nursed the sick in Verona, Venice, Milan, and China Order of the Daughters of Charity

Pope St. Leo I (the Great)
"And to the angel of the Church of Pergamum write: "the words of him who has the sharp two-edged sword. I know where you live, where the throne of Satan is, and you cleave unto My Name, and have not renounced My faith, even in those days when Antipas was My faithful martyr, who was slain among you, where Satan dwells" (Rev 2:12-13).  St. Antipas
  63. St. Domnio Possibly first bishop of Salona and one of 72 disciples of Christ sent to Dalmatia, a region in Croatia, by St. Peter
  67 Sts. Processus and Martinian pagans guards at Mamertine prison in Rome  accepted holy Baptism from Peter
  68 St. Antipas Martyr and disciple of St. John the Apostle who called Antipas "my faithful witness."  body untouched by fire - tomb was the site of many miracles
  180  St. Philip of Gortyna Bishop of Gortyna, Crete. Little known except his authorship of a now lost treatise against Marcionite Gnostics.
4th v. Saint Pharmuphios lived at the same desert monastery where St John (March 29) lived in asceticism within a well, to whom St Pharmuphios gave food.
5th v. St. Machai Abbot founder of a monastery on the isle of Bute in Ireland disciple of St. Patrick. and leader of the evangelical mission there
6th .  St. Maedhog Irish abbot also called Aedhan or Mogue ruled Clonmore Abbey Ireland associated with Sts. Oncho and Finan Aid of Achad-Finglas Abbot Saint Aid of Achard-Finglas, County Carlow, Ireland (AC)
 300 Eustorgius  a priest of Nicomedia, Asia Minor M (RM)
 550 Isaac of Spoleto a Syrian monk “A monk who wants earthly possessions is not a monk at all”. The holy man was endowed with the gifts of prophecy and miracles
 550 St. Barsanuphius Hermit of Gaza, in Israel Egyptian renowned for holiness and wisdom refusing to speak communicating only in writing existing without food or water.
 680 Agericus of Tours disciple of Saint Eligius abbot of Saint Martin's in Tours, France, and spent himself entirely for his abbey OSB (PC)
 700 St. Godebertha establishing a convent in Noyon abbess  miracle worker who stopped a plague and a raging fire
 714 St. Guthlac of Croyland, OSB Hermit imitate rigors of old desert fathers "Those who choose to live apart from other humans become the friends of wild animals; and the angels visit them, too- -for those who are often visited by men and women are rarely visited by angels." prophet visions incorrupt (AC)
1079 St. Stanislaus ordained  at Szczepanow near Cracow noted for preaching sought after spiritual adviser martyred by cruel King
1138 Blessed Waltmann of Cambrai accompanied Saint Norbert to Cambrai preach against heresy O. Praem., Abbot
1146  The Departure of the holy father Anba Michael, the Seventy First Pope of the See of St. Mark. {Coptic church}
1209 Blesseds Stephen abbot & Hilderbrand  one of his monks, were killed by the Albigenses at Saint-Gilles, Languedoc OSB Cist. MM (PC)
1237 Blessed Raynerius Inclusus, Hermit (i.e., 'shut up') hermit in a cell near the cathedral of Osnabrück heavy chains next to his skin (AC)
1303 Blessed John of Cupramontana cave of Cupramonatan on Mount Massaccio for many years as a Camaldolese monk -hermit
XIV v. The Monk Jakov of Bryleevsk was a disciple of the Monk Jakov of Zheleznoborovsk founded the Bryleevsk wilderness-monastery
1442 Saint James of Zhelezny Bor sanctity prophet many years of common ascetical efforts monks entreated St James to be their igumen ordained a priest
XVI v. The Monk Evphymii {Euphymius} and his disciple the Monk Khariton example to the brethren in prayer, and in the works of construction and supervision
1576 Saint Barsanuphius of Tver captured by the Crimean Tatars After 3years John's father ransomed him became a monk proficient in virtue and piety
1576 Sainted Varsonophii bishop of Tver died at the Transfiguration monastery founded by him in the city of Kazan in the year 1576
1608 Blessed George Gervase adventurous career with Francis Drake ordained to the priesthood and died for his priesthood OSB M (AC)
1771 St. Mary Margaret d'Youville Foundress of the Sisters of Charity directress of Montreal’s General Hospital, operated by her community
1845 holy monastic Fathers Saints Theocharis and Apostolos are local saints of Arta On Bright Wednesday we commemorate them
1878  George Augustus Selwyn studierte in Cambridge und wurde 1833 zum Diakon und 1834 zum Priester geweiht 1841 wurde er zum ersten Bischof Neuseelands ernannt
1903 St. Gemma Galgani stigmata many mystical experiences and special graces Gemma was miraculously cured by the Venerable Passionist Gabriel Possenti
      The Departure of the Righteous Joachim, The Lord Christ Grandfather.
      Papa_Benedict_XVI_Joseph_Ratzinger  Happy Birthday
 62 Basilissa & Anastasia converted by preaching of SS. Peter and Paul MM buried their remains
 67 Aristarchus, Pudas and Trophymos from the 70 Disciples whom the Lord Jesus Christ sent before him with the good-news of the Gospel (Lk. 10: 1-24).
 99 Maro, Eutyches & Victorinus exile to Ponza island martyred in Rome MM (RM)
  100 Holy Martyr Sukhios and 16 Gruzian (Georgian) Companions new names: to the eldest -- Sukhios (replacing his old name Bagadras), and  companions Andrew, Anastasias, Talale, Theodorites, Juhirodion, Jordan, Kondrates, Lukian, Mimnenos, Nerangios, Polyeuktos, James, Phoki, Domentian, Victor and Zosima.
       Eutychius of Ferentino martyr in the Roman Campagna M (RM)
  130 Theodore and Pausilipus Martyrs near Byzantium under Hadrian MM (RM) (Benedictines).
      St. Crescens of Myra martyred in Lycia Asia Minor M (RM)
  251 St. Maximus & Olympiades Martyrs of Persia loyalty to the faith
       The Departure of St. Macrobius.
 372  Sabas der Gote Er missionierte unter seinen Landsleuten und wurde deshalb vom Ostgotenkönig Athanarich zweimal verhaftet und ins Exil geschickt
 ST. TURIBIUS, BISHOP OF ASTORGA 420
 485 Blessed Laurentinus Sossius five-year-old boy M (AC)
 500 St. Paternus hermit founder bishop preaching charity mortifications
 584 St. Ruadan 1/12 Apostles of Ireland abbot founder produced the masterpiece Stowe Missal
 625 Silvester of Réome, Abbot (AC)
 ST. FRUCTUOSUS, ARCHBISHOP OF BRAGA, C.665
 679 St. Hunna devoted herself to the poor of Strasbourg
   804. St. OPTATUS, and seventeen other holy men received the crown of martyrdom on the same day, at Saragossa, under the cruel governor Dacian, in the persecution of Dioclesian 
 829 Blessed Nidger of Augsburg bishop of Augsburg OSB B (AC)
 962 St. Mundus Scottish abbot founded abbeys excellent maxims to fraternal charity meekness value of solitude need be aware of the Divine presence
1104, ST. MANS, OR MAGNUS, B. M.
1186  ST. DRUON, OR DRUGO, RECLUSE, PATRON OF SHEPHERDS.
 1305  ST. JOACHIM OF SIENNA, C. OF THE ORDER OF 5ERVITES.
1607 Blessed Caesar de Bus military priest teaching catechism to ordinary people in neglected rural out-of-the-way places
1889 Bl. Damien de Veuster of Hawaii evangelize peoples of Puno Kohala destroyed pagan worship and Hero of Molokai leper colony

 138  St. Corebus prefect of Messina Martyr convert of St. Eleutherius
 138  St. Eleutherius & Anthia bishop in Illyria Dalmatia with mother Anthia
 185  St. Apollonius the Apologist Roman senator Martyr whose Apologia or defense of the faith is considered one of the most priceless documents of the early Church
         St. Calocerus officer of Hadrian Martyr associated with Sts. Faustinus and Jovita
 303  Holy Martyrs Victor, Zoticus, Acindynus, Zeno, Severian and Caesarius
        Medioláni sancti Galdíni, Cardinális et ejúsdem civitátis Epíscopi, qui, concióne advérsus hæréticos expléta, spíritum Deo réddidit.
        At Milan, St. Galdini, cardinal bishop of that city, who at the very end of a sermon against heretics, gave up his soul to God.
6th v. Bitheus and Genocus British monks Bitheus and Genocus accompanied Saint Finnian of Clonard
 639 St. Laserian monk abbot Bishop papal legate brother of St. Goban ordained priest by Saint Gregory the Great
 714 St. Agia Benedictine wife of St. Hiduiphus of Hainault
8th v. St. Cogitosus Monk biographer of St. Brigid
 749 St. Wicterp Bishop devoted to assisting founding monasteries of Filssen
 820 Saint John disciple of St Gregory of Decapolis born end of the eighth century opposition to Iconoclast heresy
 820 Saint Cosmas, Bishop of Chalcedon, and his companion St Auxentius
 851 St. Perfectus priest Spanish martyr by Moors on Easter Sunday
 851 Messánæ, in Sicília, sancti Corébi Præfécti, qui, per sanctum Eleuthérium convérsus ad fidem, gládio percússuest.
1080 St. Gebuinus Archbishop of Lyons patron of the cathedral chapter of Langres
1145 The Departure of Pope Gabriel II, the 70th Pope of Alexandria who was known as Ibn Turaik transcribed many Arabic and Coptic books retained its contents and comprehended its interpretations.  {Coptic}
1167 Idesbald of Dunes court of Flanders OSB Cist. Abbot (AC)  incorrupt 450 years after death, now lies at Bruges.
1176 St. Galdinus Cardinal of Milan fierce opponent of the Lombards
13th v. Saint Basil Ratishvili prominent figures 13th-century Church gift of prophecy the Most Holy Theotokos called him to censure King Demetre’s impious rule.
The Maximov Icon of the Mother of God was written in the year 1299
1404 BD JAMES OF LODI raised to the priesthood, after he had lived for some time an austere life of piety and good works with a band of friends who gathered round him.
1435 Saints Euthymius, Anthony, and Felix lived a life of asceticism in Karelia about the year 1410
1526 Holy Martyr John Kulikos born in the Greek district of Epirus Ioannina city apostates were filled with hatred for St John; Turks sentenced the martyr be burned alive went boldly into the midst of the flames torturers, seeing St John was prepared to die in the fire, pulled him out and beheaded him
1602 Blessed Andrew Hibernon converted many Moors by his frank simplicity OFM (AC)
1618  BD MARY OF THE INCARNATION, WIDOW
19 th v.    Departure of Anba Isaac, Disciple of Anba Apollo "I was not fleeing from men but from Satan. If a man hold a lighted lamp in the wind, it will be extinguished. So, it is with us when our hearts and minds shine because of the prayers and the Liturgy then we talk with each other, our hearts and minds become dark." {Coptic}

1st v. St. Timon 1/7 Deacons chosen by the Apostles to minister to Nazarene of Jerusalem
 275 Socrates and Dionysius Martyrs of Pamphylia MM (RM)
         St. Paphnutius Martyred priest of Jerusalem
 304  St. Vincent of Collioure Martyr
4th v. St. Hermogenes Armenian martyr w/others at Melitene
 396  St. Crescentius A disciple of St. Zenobius and St. Ambrose
 713  St. Ursmar Benedictine abbot-bishop missionary organized exceedingly successful in Flanders Belgium
 814  George of Antioch monk bishop of Antioch Pisidia BM (RM)
10th v. Saint Lazarus an Oriental king travelled to Rome pilgrimage to Gaul
 978   St. Gerold nobleman hermit gave his lands to Einsiedeln Monastery in Switzerland
1054    Leo IX "the pilgrim pope" - reformer deacon a stern bishop holy man & army officer  Pope (RM)
1164 Blessed Burchard of Bellevaus a favorite disciple of Saint Bernard OSB Cist Abbot (PC)
1289 Blessed Conrad de'Miliani evangelize Libya advisor to cardinal Masci (later Pope Nicholas IV) OFM (AC)  great a devotion to the Sacred Passion that he was sometimes allowed to behold our Lord crowned with thorns and to take part in His sufferings
1374   St. Pavoni, Anthony Dominican Inquisitor murdered at Bricherasio
1404    Blessed James of Oldo priest a Franciscan tertiary w/wife  turned their home into a church OFM Tert. (AC)
1602 St. James Duckett, Blessed bookseller imprisoned 9 years Martyr of England for his faith

   The Commemoration of the Lady the Theotokos. (coptic)
Departure of St. Hierotheos of Athens priest  present at the time of the departure of the Lady Virgin Mary learned man in the city Athens met Apostle St. Paul visited St. Dionysius the Areopagite (coptic)
 63 Jason wurde von Paulus zum Bischof von Tarsus Sosipater und Gefährten eingesetzt und Sosipater zum Bischof von Ikonien mit sieben Dieben martyred zusammen:  Saturninus Iakischolus Faustianus Januarius Marsalius Euphrasius Mammius
 92 St. Mark of Galilee Martyred bishop of Marsi St. Theodora
1st v. St. Aphrodisius martyr with Sts. Caralippus, Agapius, Eusebius, supposedly sheltered the Holy Family when they fled into Egypt 1st century
1-2nd v. St. Vitalis & Valeria she suffered when attacked by the pagans they were martyred near Milan
 304 St Didymus & Theodora rescued from infamous brothel by Didymus Martyrs in Alexandria
 304 St. Pollio Martyr Christian community lector of Cybalae Pannonia serving as a lector {READ HIS LAST SERMON}
 305 Martyrs Dada, Maximus and Quinctilian suffered under the emperor Diocletian (284-305)
St. Patrick of Prusa; Several guards scalded Patrick untouched- "I do not condemn your gods, for no one can condemn what does not exist..."
        Martyrdom of St. Babnuda (Paphnute). (Coptic)
4th v. Probe and Germaine two were Irish virgins who refused marriage
 409   Medioláni sanctæ Valériæ Mártyris, uxóris sancti Vitális ac matris sanctórum Gervásii et Protásii.
 609 St. Artemius Bishop mentor of St. Bond or Balthus
 626 St. Cronan of Roscrea founded fifty monasteries hermit in Ireland
 639 Gerard the Pilgrim (AC)
 700 St. Pamphilus Bishop of Sulmona and Corfinium Abruzzi venerated for his deep sanctity
 700 + Prudentius of Tarazona hermit priest bishop B (RM)
1172 Blessed Gerard of Bourgogne, OSB Cist. Abbot (PC)
1182 Saint Cyril of Turov hermit monk to become an outstanding bishop preacher; pre-Mongol Russia Greek tradition theological devotion
1260 St. Luchesio first Franciscan tertiary works of mercy nursing sick visiting prisons gave all possessions to the poor
1716 Saint Louis de Monfort founded the Congregation of the Daughters of Divine Wisdom
1775 Sancti Pauli a Cruce, Presbyteri et Confessóris; qui Congregatiónis a Cruce et Passióne Dómini nostri Jesu Christi
Cross was endowed with extraordinary gifts. He prophesied future events, healed the sick, and even during his lifetime appeared on various occasions in vision to persons far away
1840 St. John Baptist Thanh native catechist Martyr of Vietnam
1840 St. Peter Hieu catechist native Vietnamese martyr
1841 St. Peter Chanel Priest Martyred in the New Hebrides model pupil vicar parish priest model missionary intelligence and simple piety
1962 Saint Gianna Beretta Molla M.D. gave special attention to mothers babies elderly and the poor gave her life to save that of her child (AC)


.    33 The man who lay by the Sheep's Pool in Jerusalem for thirty-eight years
     65 St Torpes Martyr
          Martyrs of Corfu hermits the Seven Saintly Robbers martyred
 1st v. Cercyre converted by Saint Jason
 VM 1st v. St Tychicus 1st century disciple assistant of St. Paul
 259 St Agapius banished to Cirta, Numidia (Algeria) Martyr bishop
 290 Nine holy martyrs Cyzicus Dardenelles Thaumasius, Theognes, Rufus, Antipater, Theostichus, Artemas, Magnus, Theodotus, and Philemon
The Holy Martyrs Diodorus and Rhodopianus the Deacon suffered under the emperor Diocletian (284-305) in Aphrodisias, Caria.
 409 Severus of Naples renowned miracle worker raised dead man B (RM)
5th v. Saint Memnon the Wonderworker gift of clairvoyance many miracles
 5th v. St Dichu First convert of St Patrick in Ulser
  545 St Paulinus of Brescia Bishop
  6th v. St Endellion Virgin recluse
 7th v. St Fiachan monk in Lismore Abbey obedience was his sterling quality
 7th v. St Senan Welsh hermit
 744 St Wilfrid the Younger Benedictine abbot bishop of York zealous for education
 845 St Ava cured of blindness by St. Rainfredis, became a Benedictine Abbess
 9th v. St Daniel of Gerona hermit Daniel native of Asia Minor M (AC)
1109 St Hugh the Great Benedictine abbot founded hospital for lepers preached the First Crusade
1110 Robert of Molesme one of Cistercian founders movement a great reformer OSB Cist. Abbot (RM)
1111 St. Robert of Molesmes Benedictine abbot great reformer founder
1120 Blessed Theoger of Metz canon monk prior abbot bishop OSB B (PC)
1157 Bl Robert Bruges Cistercian abbot followed Saint Bernard to Clairvaux
1252 St Peter of Verona inquisitor inspiring sermons martyr accepted into the Dominican Order by St. Dominic
1380 St Catherine of Siena illiterate one of the most brilliant theological minds of her day mystical experiences when only 6 visions of Christ Mary and the saints gift of healing Stigmata visible only after her death Doctor of the Church
16th v. Saint Basil, Bishop of Zakholmsk monk various miracles
1715 St. Louis Mary Grignion missionary apostolic organized women the Congregation of the Daughters of Divine Wisdom furthering devotion to the Most Blessed Virgin through the Rosary popular book, True Devotion to the Blessed Virgin formed the Missionaries of the Company of Mary founded the clerical institute Montfort Fathers
1716 St Louis de Montfort Confessor Marian devotee missionary apostolic famous for fostering devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary and the Rosary founder of the Sisters of Divine Wisdom
1842 Joseph Benedict Cottolengo priest ministered to the sick "When I am in Heaven, where everything is possible, I will cling to the mantle of the Mother of God and I will not turn my eyes from you. But do not forget what this poor old man has said to you."(RM) Founder Of The Societies Of The Little House Of Divine Providence; “We are like the marionettes of a puppet-show. As long as they are held by a hand from above they walk, jump, dance and give signs of agility and life: they represent...now a king, now a clown...but as soon as the performance is over they are dropped and huddled together ingloriously in a dusty corner. So it is with us: amid the multiplicity of our various functions we are held and moved by the hand of Providence. Our duty is to enter into its designs, to play the part assigned to us...and respond promptly and trustfully to the impulses received from on high.”
1928 St Nectarius Moscow Patriarchate authorized local veneration of the Optina Elders June 13,1996, glorifying for universal veneration August 7, 2000.

 44 James son of Zebedee one of the Twelve Apostles 1st Apostles died as a martyr
      Angels with the Cross lance and the sponge.
      Eutropius sent by Pope Saint Clement (100) as 1st bishop Saintes evangelized inhabitants
      Icon of the Mother of God "Of the Passion" angels with the Cross lance and the sponge.
 130 Qurinus von Neuss ein Tribun sei mit seiner Tochter Balbina von Papst Alexander getauft
       St. Aphrodisius An Egyptian priest martyr of Alexandria with 30 members of his parish
 250 St. Maximus Martyr in Ephesus ordered sacrifice to goddess Diana refused
 250 Sophia of Fermo maiden venerated there in the cathedral VM (RM)
 259 St. Marianus lector Martyr of Lambesa Numidia with James deacon & companions strengthened by a dream of his triumphant martyrdom to come
        St. Isaac (Ishaq), of Hourin Departure of. (Coptic)
 320 Basil, Bishop of Amasea Hieromartyr encouraged  comforted the Christians suffering persecution by pagans
 328  St. Alexander I, 19th Pope; Departure of; See of St. Mark.
 397 St. Lawrence of Novara Martyred priest aided St. Gaudentius bishop of Novara, Italy
4th v. St. Donatus Bishop of Euraea in Epirus sanctity praised by Greek writers
5th v. Hoilde "A virgin who was blotted out of existence and found again"
 536 St. Pomponius Bishop of Naples steadfast in opposition to the Arian creed
 569 St. Desideratus Hermit at Gourdon revered in the region eremetical life
6th v. St. Cynwl hermit noted for his austere life
 686-693 Erconwald of London bishop miracles at grave were reported (until the 16th century) miracles recorded touching his couch OSB B (RM)
 783 Blessed Hildegard aid to religious  patroness of the sick Empress (AC)
 807 Swithbert the Younger missionaries in Germany bishop B (AC)
 819  St. Mark II, 49th Pope of the See of St. Mark Departure of. (Coptic)
 851 St. Michael II, 53rd Pope of the See of St. Mark Departure of. (Coptic)
 855 Amator priest (Amateur), Peter monk & Louis lay friend preachers martyred by Saracens MM (RM)
 982 St. Forannan Irish bishop of Domhnach-Mor went to Belgium in response to a dream
1100 Genistus of Beaulieu killed by his nephew OSB M (AC)
1109 Saint Nikita former Recluse of the Kiev Caves healing of many people
1127 Gualfardus a saddler; Famous for miracles during his life, St Gualfardus became even more famous for them after his death. those around him regarded him as a saint hermit in the Camaldolese priory of San Salvatore OSB (AC)
1173 St. Aimo monk mystical experiences charitable kindness nursed victims of plagues with limitless devotion
1131 St. Adjutor distinguished himself in the First Crusade abbey of Tiron confessor recluse
1380 Sanctæ Catharínæ Senénsis Vírginis, ex tértio Ordine sancti Domínici, quæ ad cæléstem Sponsum transívit prídie hujus diéi.
1429 St. Louis von Bruck Martyred boy example of the pervasive anti-Semitism of the medieval period
1572 St. Pius V, Pope from 1566-1572 Catholic Reformation leader taught theology philosophy 16 years excessive zeal
as grand inquisitor wholeheartedly devoted to the religious life published Roman Catechism revised Roman Breviary and Roman Missal organized Battle of Lepanto
1590 Bl. Miles Gerard Martyr of England
1590 Bl. Francis Dickenson English convert martyr
1590 St. Gerard Miles Martyr of England with Blessed Francis Dickinson
1618 Bl. Mary of the Incarnation contemplative prayer frequent ecstasies often saying "The Kingdom of God is within
you"received the stigmata reserved regarding mystical illuminations and always very humble responsible for at least 10,000 conversions first Carmel established in Paris OCD Widow (AC)
 1625 Blessed Benedict of Urbino lawyer Capuchin effective preacher OFM Cap. (AC)
 1672 Blessed Marie of the Incarnation Martin, OSU (AC)
 1721 Argyra The holy New Martyr lived in Proussa, Bithynia jailed for her Christianity 17 years tortured endured all with great courage and patience
 1842 St. Joseph Cottolengo opened home/hospital for sick poor Piccola Casa became a great medical institution founded Daughters of Compassion Daughters of the Good Shepherd Hermits of the Holy Rosary Priests of the Holy Trinity
1922 Pandita Mary Ramabai ihr Werk leiten und den elenden Frauen Indiens helfen.

600 BC Jeremiah,The Holy Prophet  one of the four great Old Testament prophets
           St. Joseph Feastday: March 19, May 1 Patron of the Universal Church
The birthday of the blessed apostles Philip and James.  Philip, after having converted nearly all of Scythia to the faith of Christ, went to Hieropolis, a city in Asia, where he was fastened to a cross and stoned, and thus ended his life gloriously.  James, who is also called the brother of our Lord, was the first bishop of Jerusalem.  Being hurled down from a pinnacle of the temple, his legs were broken, and being struck on the head with a dyer's staff, he expired and was buried near the temple. 
 208 St Andeolus Martyr sent to France by St Polycarp
 240 St Orentius and Patientia Martyrs Spain husband wife
 303 St Acius deacon & Aceolus subdeacon Martyrs of minor orders
4th v. Bata, The Martyr  a monastic, lived during the 4th century in Persia labored there in monastery
 418 St Amator priest Bishop confessor miracles ability to make spur conversions including King Germanus scholars believe Amator ordained St. Patrick
        St Grata secured proper burial for remains of Christian martyrs 4th or 8th century
  439 St Orentius Bishop hermit faithful of Auch insisted he become their bishop
         St Cominus Martyr of Catania, in Sicily
 510 St Brieuc Bishop missionary known for miracles educated by St. Germanus
 523 ST. SIGISMUND St. Avitus made king Sigismund realize his behavior was anything but Christian and he tried to make amends. Sigismund listened to the voice of his conscience and found that it led to martyrdom. We, too may have to suffer for trying to live our faith. It is one of the consequences of following Christ.
 6th v. St Ceallach Disciple of St. Kiernan bishop
  558 St Marculf missionary work hermit patron cured diseases attracted numerous disciples built monastery Egyptian
model
  600 St Asaph First bishop of Asaph Wales
  604 St. Arigius Bishop 20 yrs greatest priest pastor of his era
  680 St Bertha abbess-foundress martyr
  893 St Theodard Benedictine bishop rebuilt churches ransom captives selling treasures spending his own money to
feed poor suffering practiced severe austerities
1012 St Benedict of Szkalka hermit martyr gifted mystic of Hungary
1200 Tamar In 1166 a daughter, Tamar, was born to King George III (1155–1184) and Queen Burdukhan of Georgia.
1219 St Aldebrandus Bishop reformer sermons roused many preached against baneful corrupting influences
1345 Peregrine Laziosi received a vision of Our Lady who told him to go to Siena, Italy, and there to join the Servites healed by Jesus incorrupt fervant preacher, excellent orator, and gentle confessor
1383 St Panacea Child martyr of Quarona struck while at prayer
1477 Saint Paphnutius of Borov monk 30 years at the Protection Monastery as igumen, Elder, and Father-confessor
earned deep respect and love of the brethren of his own monastery & other monasteries
 1497 Macarius The Hieromartyr , Metropolitan of Kiev, was earlier the archimandrite of the Vilensk Holy Trinity
monastery.
1537 St Zosimas of Kumurdo lived and labored from the end of the 15th century through the first half of the 16th
century
1554 St Gerasimus of Boldino, whose secular name was Gregory a strict ascetic founded monasteries
1814 St Euthymius This holy New Martyr of Christ was born in Demitsana in the Peloponnesos apostasized recantded and asked for martyrdom
1814 Ignatius The holy New Martyr martyred for the faith by moslems
1816 Acacius The holy New Martyr was born at Neochorion, Macedonia near Thessalonica in the eighteenth century
martyred for the faith by moslems
1821 Saint Nicephorus, the "most luminous star of the Church of Christ," who delighted the hearts of the faithful
"with divinely inspired teachings," grace of working miracles
1852 St John-Louis Bonnard priest Martyr of Vietnam

Fifth Week of Easter
May, the month of Mary, is the oldest
and most well-known Marian month, officially since 1724;
Today's celebration midpoint of 50 days between Feasts of Pascha and Pentecost Lesser Blessing of Water and the Blessing of Fields
127-140 St. Zoe & Exsuperius (Hesperus) and 2 sons martyred for faith children encouraged parents  bodies preserved in the fire unharmed, angelic singing was heard, glorifying confessors of the Lord
373 St. Athanasius Bishop and Doctor of the Church refusal to tolerate Arian heresy refuge among desert monks became ascetic renowned for sanctity beloved by followers volumes of writings extant.
460 Germanus of Normandy bishop with Saint Patrick; alleged evangelized in Wales, Spain, Gaul, Isle of Man; martyred in Normandy
485 St Vindemialis, Eugene, & Longinus 3 African martyred bishops by Arian Vandal king
668 St. Waldebert Benedictine aristocrat Frankish knight then hermit abbot helped St. Salaberga to found her famed convent at Laon
926 St. Wiborada Swabian nobility Martyred nun wisdom noted for austerities holiness of prophecy
1257 Mafalda of Portugal Queen slept on bare ground spent night in prayer fortune used to restore cathedral of Oporto founded a hospice for pilgrims hospital for 12 widows build a bridge over the Talmeda River died in sackcloth and ashes body exhumed 1617 found flexible and incorrupt OSB Cist. (AC)
1654 Saint Athanasius III Patelarios, Patriarch of Constantinople, Wonderworker of Lubensk relics  glorified by numerous miracles and signs, rest in the city of Kharkov, in the Annunciation cathedral church
1854 St. Joseph Luu native Vietnamese martyr died in prison for refusing to abjure the faith even under torture