34 St. Tabitha good deeds and almsgiving raised from the dead by St. Peter.
Widow of Joppa (in modern Israel), who was mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles (9:36-42) as one who “was completely occupied with good deeds and almsgiving.” She fell ill and died and was raised from the dead by St. Peter. Tabitha is sometimes called Dorcas.
Tabitha (Dorcas), Widow (AC) 1st century. The widow Tabitha of Joppa believed in Jesus Christ. She was raised from the dead by Saint Peter (Acts 9:36- 43).

75 St. Fronto and George: Bishops and apostles of Perigreux and Le Puy Many miracles attribute Petragóricis, in Gállia, sancti Frontónis, qui, a beáto Petro Apóstolo Epíscopus ordinátus, cum Geórgio Presbytero magnam illíus gentis multitúdinem convértit ad Christum, et miráculis clarus, in pace quiévit.
At Perigueux in France, St. Fronto, who was made bishop by the blessed apostle Peter. Along with a priest named George, he converted to Christ a large number of people of that place, and, renowned for miracles, rested in peace.

THOUGH no doubt these two saints really existed and were early apostles of Périgord, their legends seem to have been fabricated or altered with the object of giving an apostolic origin to the see of Périgueux. Pronto, it is said, was of the tribe of Juda and was born in Lycaonia. He was converted by the testimony of our Lord’s miracles, was baptized by St Peter, and became one of the Seventy-two. He accompanied St Peter to Antioch and Rome, and was sent thence with the priest George to preach to the Gauls. On the way George died, but, like St Maternus of Trier and St Martial of Limoges, he was brought to life again by the touch of St Peter’s staff.

St Fronto preached with conspicuous success, and several fantastic miracles and inconsistent particulars are given of his mission. His centre was at Périgueux, whereof he is venerated as the first bishop. Later legends import into his life an incident recorded of quite another St Fronto, who was a hermit in the Nitrian desert. St George evangelized the Velay and is accounted the first bishop of Le Puy.

In the earliest known form of the legend, St Fronto is not described as born in Lycaonia, but at Leuquais in the Dordogne, not very far from the Périgueux he was destined to evangelize. The extravagances and anachronisms are much the same as those in the legend just summarized, but there are signs that the earlier compiler did use some historical material, and a seventh-century Life of St Géry undoubtedly speaks of a tomb of St Pronto venerated in Périgueux at that date.

The Benedictines of Paris in their Vies des saints…, vol. x (1952), have reprinted the following pleasing anecdote. It occurs in the prolegomena to André Lavertujon’s edition of the Chronicle of Sulpicius Sevens. Mr Lavertujon tells us that he learned to read from a Histoire de S. Front, and goes on: What struck us most among the extraordinary happenings of St Fronto’s life was this: Fronto was banished by the proconsul Squirius to a wilderness near Périgueux, and would there have died of hunger had not the fierce Roman been struck with remorse and sent him food, loaded on to seventy camels (for the holy man had companions). We were entranced and inflated by these camels walking about the banks of our Dordogne, and asked, ‘Monsieur l’Abbé, why aren’t there any camels here now’—‘Because we no longer deserve them’, was the reply.”

The pages devoted to this legend in the Acta Sanctorum, October, vol. xi, may be said to have been superseded by the very careful examination of the documents in the Analecta Bollandiana, vol. xlviii (1930), pp. 324—360, “La Vie ancienne de St Front”, by M. Coens. He there edits the text of an earlier legend of St Fronto, already recognized as more primitive by Mgr Duchesne (see Fastes, Épiscopaux, vol. ii, pp. 130-134).

Southern France. Nothing can be documented about their labors, but tradition states that Fronto was a convert from Judaism, baptized by St. Peter. He was with Peter in Rome and in Antioch, and was sent with George to France. George became the bishop of Le Puy, and Fronto ruled Perigreux. Many miracles are attributed to Fronto.
St. Front as the first Bishop of Périgueux; St. Peter is said to have sent him to this town with the St. George to whom later traditions assign the foundation of the church of Le Puy.

75 St. Fronto baptized by Peter one of 72 disciples bishop Gaul 1st. century,
According to legend he was born in Lycaonia and became a follower of Christ, was baptized by Peter, and became one of the seventy-two disciples. He is said to have accompanied St. Peter to Antioch and Rome, from where he was sent with a priest, George to convert the GAULS. He is supposed to have become the first bishop of Perigueux and George the first bishop of Le Puy, both in France.

Fronto and George B (RM) 1st century. An early missionary to Périgord (Perigueux), France, Fronto's legend has him born in Lycaonia, of the tribe of Judah. He became a follower of Jesus, was baptized by Peter, and was one of the 72 disciples commissioned by Christ. He was with Peter in Antioch and Rome, whence he and a priest named George were sent to preach to the Gauls. Fronto made his center at Périgord, of which he is considered the first bishop, and was most successful in his missionary activities, as was George, who is considered the first bishop of Le Puy. Another legend has Fronto born at Leucuais in the Dordogne near Périgord. All kinds of miracles were attributed to him in these legends (Benedictines, Delaney).

250 St. Minias Martyred for making converts soldier of Florence
Floréntiæ pássio beáti Miniátis mílitis, qui, sub Décio Príncipe, pro fide Christi egrégie certans, nóbili martyrio coronátur.
At Florence, St. Minias, a soldier, who fought valorously for the faith of Christ and was gloriously crowned with martyrdom during the reign of Decius

Italy, sometimes called Miniato. He was martyred for making converts in the reign of Emperor Trajanus Decius. An abbey near Florence bears his name.

Minias (Miniato) of Florence M (RM) Died in Florence, Italy, c. 250. Saint Minias, a soldier stationed at Florence, spread the faith among his comrades, and for this was martyred under Decius (Benedictines). Florentine tradition relates that Minias was a merchant from the East, whom the popular imagination turned into an Armenian prince, who became a Christian and made a penitential pilgrimage to Rome. Thereafter, he is said to have moved to Florence, where he became a victim of the Decian persecutions. It is said that, because of his royal heritage, he was offered many inducements to apostatize, but rejected them all. Thereupon, he was executed close to the present Piazza della Signora.

According to a tradition set down by the chronicler Giovanni Villani, Minias picked up his severed head “and set it again on his trunk, and on his feet passed over the Arno, and went up the hill where now stands his church.” At that time the Mons Fiorentinus was crowded with pagan temples, and a little oratory dedicated to Saint Peter (Jepson).

In art he is represented as a young prince holding a crown; crowned with a rod and palm; crowned with a lily, rod and palm; or carrying his severed head (Roeder). He is venerated in Florence, where the city's most beautiful and venerable church, begun by Saint Hildebrand in 1013 with monies donated by Emperor Henry II “for the good of his soul,” is dedicated to Minias. His relics rest in a lovely crypt. The mosaic on the facade of the church shows Saint Minias holding what appears to be a sextant as he stands on one side of the Pantocrator with the Blessed Virgin on the other (Jepson).

269 Saints Theodosius, Lucius, Mark & Peter & 50 martyred soldiers MM (RM).
Romæ natális sanctórum quadragínta sex mílitum, qui, simul baptizáti a sancto Dionysio Papa, mox Cláudii Imperatóris jussu decolláti sunt, ac via Salária sepúlti; ubi et álii Mártyres centum vigínti et unus pósiti sunt, inter quos fuérunt quátuor mílites Christi, scílicet Theodósius, Lúcius, Marcus et Petrus.
Also at Rome, the birthday of forty-six holy soldiers, who were baptized at the same time by Pope Denis, and soon after beheaded by order of Emperor Claudius. They were buried on the Salarian Way with one hundred and twenty-one other martyrs. Among them are named four soldiers of Christ: Theodosius, Lucius, Mark, and Peter.

They belonged to a group of fifty soldiers martyred in Rome under Claudius (Benedictines).

3rd v.St. Cyrinus Roman martyr; mentioned in the acta of Saint Marcellinus, pope and martyr.
mentioned in the Acts of St. Marcellinus.
Cyrinus of Rome M (RM) 3rd century. Saint Cyrinus, a Roman martyr under Diocletian, is mentioned in the acta of Saint Marcellinus, pope and martyr (Benedictines).

286 Saints Crispin & Crispinian patrons of shoemakers cobblers leatherworkers.

Suessióne, in Gálliis, sanctórum Mártyrum Crispíni et Crispiniáni, nobílium Romanórum, qui, in persecutióne Diocletiáni, sub Rictiováro Præside, post immánia torménta gládio trucidáti, corónam martyrii sunt consecúti; quorum córpora póstea Romam deláta fuérunt, atque in Ecclésia sancti Lauréntii in Pane et Perna honorífice tumuláta.

At Soissons in France, in the persecution of Diocletian, the holy martyrs Crispin and Crispinian, noble Romans. Under Governor Rictiovarus, after horrible torments, they were put to the sword, and thus obtained the crown of martyrdom. Their bodies were afterwards conveyed to Rome and entombed with due honours in the church of St. Lawrence in Panisperna.

The names of these two martyrs were famous throughout northern Europe in the middle ages, but are today known in England chiefly from the great speech which Shakespeare puts into the mouth of King Henry V on the eve of Agincourt (Henry V, act iv, scene 3). Their very late passio unfortunately cannot be relied on. It says that they came from Rome to preach the faith in Gaul toward the middle of the third century, together with St Quintinus and others. Fixing their residence at Soissons, they instructed many in the faith of Christ, which they preached during the day; and, in imitation of St Paul, worked with their hands at night making shoes, though they are said to have been nobly born (and brothers).

The infidels listened to their instructions and were astonished at the example of their lives, and the effect was the conversion of many to the Christian faith. They had continued this employment several years when, the Emperor Maximian coming into Gaul, a complaint was lodged against them. He, perhaps as much to gratify their accusers as to indulge his own superstition and cruelty, gave orders that they should be taken before Rictiovarus, an implacable enemy of Christians (if, in fact, he was an historical person). He subjected them to various torments and in vain tried to kill them by drowning and boiling; this so infuriated him that he took his own life by jumping into the fire prepared for them. Thereupon Maximian commanded that they be beheaded, and this was done.

Later a church was built over their tomb, and St Eligius the Smith embellished their shrine. SS. Crispin and Crispinian are supposed to have plied their trade without taking payment unless it was offered and thereby disposed men to listen to the gospel. They are the traditional patrons of shoemakers, cobblers and other workers in leather.

The Roman Martyrology says that the relics of these martyrs were translated from Soissons to the church of St Laurence in Panisperna at Rome. Nothing is certainly known about them, and it is possible—even more likely—that the reverse is the truth: that SS. Crispin and Crispinian were Roman martyrs whose relics were brought to Soissons and so started a local cultus.

The local tradition which associates these martyrs with the little port of Faversham in Kent is not mentioned by Alban Butler, though it must have been well known in his day, for it is still remembered. They are said to have fled thither to escape the persecution, and followed their trade of shoemaking at a house on the site of the Swan Inn, at the lower end of Preston Street, “near the Cross Well”. A Mr Southouse, writing about the year 1670, says that in his time this house had “considerable visits paid to it by the foreigners of that gentle calling”, so it looks as if the tradition was also known abroad. There was an altar dedicated in honour of SS. Crispin and Crispinian in the parish church of St Mary of Charity.

From the example of the saints it appears how foolish is the pretence of many Christians who imagine that the care of a family, the business of a farm or a shop, the attention which they are obliged to give to their secular profession, are impediments which excuse them from aiming at perfection. Such, indeed, they make them; but this is altogether owing to their own sloth and weakness. Many saints have made these very occupations the means of their perfection. St Paul made tents SS. Crispin and Crispinian were shoemakers; the Blessed Virgin was taken up with the care of her cottage Christ Himself worked with His reputed father; and those who renounced all commerce with the world to devote themselves totally to the contemplation of heavenly things made mats and baskets, tilled the earth, or copied and bound books. Opportunities for every kind of good work never fail in any circumstances; and the means of sanctification may be practised in every state of life.

The Bollandists in the Acta Sanctorum, October, vol. xi, print the passio and supply a very full commentary. The historical fact of the martyrdom seems sufficiently guaranteed by the entry on this day in the “Hieronymianum”, in “Galiis civitate Sessionis Crispini et Crispiniani”. Cf. Delehaye, Étude stir le légendier romain, pp. 126—129, 132—135, and CMH., pp. 337—338, 570—571 and Duchesne, Fastes Épiscopaux, vol. iii, pp. 141-152.

Unreliable legend had Crispin and Crispinian, noble Roman brothers who with St. Quintinus, went to Gaul to preach the gospel and settled at Soissons. They were most successful in convert work during the day and worked as shoemakers at night. By order of Emperor Maximian, who was visiting in Gaul, they were haled before Rictiovarus (whose position is unknown and even his existence is doubted by scholars), a hater of Christians, who subjected them to torture; when unsuccessful in trying to kill them, he committed suicide whereupon Maximian had the two brothers beheaded. They are the patrons of shoemakers, cobblers, and leatherworkers.

Crispin and Crispinian MM (RM) There is a tradition that they were born of a noble Roman family in the 3rd century and went to preach in Gaul (Soissons) with Saint Quintinius and a number of other missionaries. According to this tradition they adopted the trade of shoemakers because they had left all their possessions behind them in Rome, or mainly as a disguise since Christians were still being persecuted in Gaul. It seems more probable that they were natives of Noviodunum (Soissons) and followed their trade as a matter of course.

Like Saint Paul, they preached by day and worked with their hands by night. Many conversions were attributed to them, for they preached not only by word of mouth but also by setting an example of charity and generosity, providing the poor with shoes for nothing and indeed taking no payment unless it was offered. Their martyrdom took place at a time when the Emperor Maximian was travelling through Gaul. Crispin and Crispinian were accused and the Emperor ordered them to be taken before Rictiovarus who (if he really existed) was a fanatical persecutor of Christians. The two brothers were subjected to a number of brutal tortures; they were immersed in water, molten lead, and boiling water. However they survived them all, and it is said that Rictiovarus became so furious at this that he jumped into the fire that had been prepared for them and killed himself (or other traditions say he drowned himself). Finally, on the orders of Maximian, the brothers were beheaded.

The truth may well be that they were Roman martyrs whose relics were brought to Soissons and enshrined there. These martyrs are particularly venerated in Soissons, France, where there was a church in their honor in the 6th century. Tradition has it that a church was built over their tomb and their shrine was embellished by Saint Eligius the Smith, who was also one of the most popular saints of the Middle Ages. See the references to Crispin and Crispinian in Shakespeare's Henry V, Act 4, Scene 3.

Their cult spread through many countries, and there is a legend that they settled for a while at Faversham, Kent, on the south coast of England, when they fled from persecution. Formerly, there was an altar in Faversham bearing their names in the parish church. To this day they are recognized as the patron of shoe-makers, cobblers, and leather-workers (Attwater, Benedictines, Bentley, Delaney, Encyclopedia). Their emblem in art is a shoe or a last (Roeder).

283 St. Daria Chrysanthus & others martyred converted a number of Romans

Romæ sanctórum Mártyrum Chrysánthi et Daríæ uxóris, qui, post multas, quas sub Celeríno Præfécto pro Christo sustinuérunt, passiónes, a Numeriáno Imperatóre jussi sunt via Salária in Arenário depóni, atque vivéntes illic terra et lapídibus óbrui.

At Rome, the holy martyrs Chrysanthus and his wife Daria. After many sufferings endured for Christ under the prefect Celerinus, they were ordered by Emperor Numerian to be thrown into a sandpit on the Salarian Way, where, being still alive, were covered with earth and stones

SS. CHRYSANTHUS AND Maria, MARTYRS

In the United States of America the feast of St Isidore is celebrated this day. See Vol. II, p. 323 of Butlers Lives of the Saints.

The evidence of their early veneration at Rome attests that these martyrs were actual persons who gave their lives for Christ, but their passio is a fanciful compilation of much later date. It says that Chrysanthus was the son of a patrician named Polemius, who came with his father from Alexandria to Rome in the reign of Numerian. He was instructed in the faith and baptized by a priest called Carpophorus. On discovering this, Polemius was indignant and subjected his son to the blandishments of five young women, hoping that he would lose his chastity and with it his new religion. When this device failed, Polemius proposed a marriage between Chrysanthus and a certain Dana, a priestess of Minerva.
How this was to be brought about is not explained, but Dana proved acceptable to Chrysanthus, he converted her, and they entered into a virginal union. Between them they made a number of converts in Roman society, and were denounced and committed to the charge of the tribune Claudius. He handed Chrysanthus over to a company of soldiers, with instructions to make him sacrifice to Hercules by any means that they chose. They subjected him to a number of torments, under which he remained so constant that the tribune himself was constrained to confess Christ, and with him his wife Hilaria and their two sons. The soldiers likewise followed their example, and by order of the emperor all were slain together except Hilaria, who was seized later while praying at their tomb.

St Claudius and his companions are commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on December 3.

Dana in the meanwhile had been consigned to a brothel, where she was defended from harm by a lion, which escaped for the purpose from the amphitheatre. To get rid of the beast the house had to be set on fire, and then the girl with her husband was taken before Numerian himself. They were condemned to death, and were stoned and buried alive in an old sandpit on the Via Salaria Nova. On the anniversary of their passion some of the faithful met together in this pit, and while they were praying in the crypt where the martyrs were buried emissaries of the emperor closed up the entrance with rocks and earth, so that they were all entombed. These are the SS. Diodorus the priest, Marianus the deacon and their fellows commemorated on December 1.
The statement that SS Chrysanthus and Dana were stoned and buried in a sandpit may be true. Later their tomb, with the bones of the other martyrs, was discovered, and St Gregory of Tours has left a hearsay description of the shrine that was made of it, but without naming the martyrs. In the ninth century the alleged relics of SS. Chrysanthus and Dana were translated to Prüm in Rhenish Prussia and four years later to Münstereifel, where they still are. The tomb was in the neighbourhood of the Coemeterium Thrasonis on the New Salarian Way, where are a number of ancient sand-pits.

There is both a Latin and a Greek text of this legend. Both are printed in the Acta Sanctorum, October, vol. xi. An exceptionally full discussion of the historical data will be found in Delehaye’s CMH., under August 12, on which day these martyrs are there specially commemorated, but their names also recur on December 20, and in this connection Delehaye points out that the assignment of their feast in the Roman Martyrology to October 25 seems to be due to a statement made in an account of a translation of their relics that October 25 was not only the date of the translation but the actual day of their martyrdom. The marble calendar of Naples (c. 850) seems to confirm this. Pope St Damasus is recorded to have written an inscription for their tomb, but that which was at one time attributed to him must certainly be of later date. See further, J. P. Kirsch, Festkalender (1924), pp. 90-93 and DAC., vol. iii, cc. 1560-1568.

There is very little known about them. Chrysanthus was an Egyptian, son of a Patrician, Polemius. He was brought to Rome from Alexandria during the reign of Numerian, and despite the objections of his father, who had brought him to Rome, was baptized by a priest named Carpophorus. Chrysanthus refused is father's attempts to get him married, finally married Daria, a Greek and a priestess of Minerva, converted her, and convinced her to live with him in chastity. When they converted a number of Romans, Chrysanthus was denounced as a Christian to Claudius, the tribune. Chrysanthus' attitude under torture so impressed Claudius that he and his wife, Hilaria, two sons, and seventy of his soldiers became Christians, whereupon the Emperor had them all killed. Daria was sent to a brothel, where she was defended by a lion, brought before Numerian, who ordered her execution, and was stoned and then buried alive. When several followers of Daria and Chrysanthus were found praying at their crypt, among them Diodorus, a priest, and Marianus, a deacon, they were all entombed alive.

Chrysanthus and Daria MM (RM) Chrysanthus and Daria were certainly early martyrs, buried on the New Salarian Way outside Rome, but their popular and much-discussed legend could be a romance. According to it, Chrysanthus was a young Alexandrian in Rome, whose father tried to wean him from Christianity by means of the blandishments of a Greek priestess of Minerva, Daria. Instead he converted her and they entered into a virginal marriage. The couple was distinguished in Rome for their zealous profession and practice of the Christian faith. They in turn brought about many conversions, including a company of soldiers who were all beheaded. They were themselves martyred under Numerian and Carinus by being buried alive in a sand-pit on the Salarian Way. While Christians were praying at their tomb, the emperor ordered its entrance to be blocked up and the worshippers were left there to perish (Attwater, Benedictines, Encyclopedia). In art they are depicted as husband and wife with an axe and a torch. Sometimes they are pictured buried alive; in Parma with SS Philip and James Major (Roeder). These patrons of governors are venerated at Parma, Reggio, Salzburg, and Siena (Roeder).

303 Saint Protus priest and Januarius deacon worked in Sardinia for the Pope MM (RM)
Túrribus, in Sardínia, sanctórum Mártyrum Proti Presbyteri, et Januárii Diáconi, qui, a sancto Cajo Papa ad eam ínsulam missi, ibídem, témpore Diocletiáni, sub Bárbaro Præside, consummáti sunt.
At Sassari in Sardinia, the holy martyrs Protus, a priest, and Januarius, a deacon, who were sent to that island Pope St. Caius, and were martyred in the time of Diocletian under the governor Barbarus.
Protus, a priest, and Januarius, a deacon, were sent by the pope to work in Sardinia, where they were beheaded at Porto Torres, not far from Sassari, in the persecution of Diocletian (Benedictines).

304 Martyrs with Pope Saint Marcellinus, Claudius, Cyrinus (Quirinus) & Antoninus MM (RM)
Claudius, Cyrinus, and Antoninus are named on this day as having been beheaded together with Pope Saint Marcellinus (Benedictines).

351 Saints Martyrius subdeacon and Marcian chorister martyred by arians MM (RM)
Constantinópoli pássio sanctórum Martyrii Subdiáconi, et Marciáni Cantóris, qui ab hæréticis, sub Constántio Imperatóre, necáti sunt.
At Constantinople, the martyrdom of the Saints Martyrius, subdeacon, and Marcian, a cantor, who were slain by the heretics during the reign of Emperor Constantius.

Martyrius, a subdeacon, and Marcian, a chorister, were martyred at Constantinople under the Arian patriarch Macedonius on a trumped-up charge of sedition (Benedictines).

465 St. Lupus of Bayeux Bishop of Bayeux.
France. No details of his life are available.

Lupus of Bayeux B (AC). The aged bishop Saint Lupus of Bayeux is said to have ruled that diocese about the year 465 (Benedictines, Encyclopedia).

410 Saint Gaudentius of Brescia 387 consecrated by Saint Ambrose 10 sermons survive friend of John Chrysostom B (RM)
Bríxiæ natális sancti Gaudéntii Epíscopi, eruditióne et sanctitáte conspícui.
At Brescia, the birthday of St. Gaudentius, bishop, distinguished for his learning and holiness.

GAUDENTIUS seems to have been educated under St Philastrius, Bishop of Brescia, whom he styles his “father”. His reputation was very high and he travelled to Jerusalem, partly on pilgrimage and partly hoping by his absence to be forgotten at home. In this, however, he was mistaken. At Caesarea in Cappadocia he met with the sisters and nieces of St Basil, who bestowed on him relics of the Forty Martyrs, knowing that he would honour those sacred pledges as they had honoured them.

During his absence St Philastrius died, and the clergy and people of Brescia chose Gaudentius for their bishop: they bound themselves by an oath to receive no other for their pastor. St Gaudentius only yielded to the threat of refusal of communion by the Eastern bishops if he refused to obey. St Ambrose consecrated him about the year 387; the sermon, which he preached on that occasion, expresses the humility with which his youth and inexperience inspired him.

The church of Brescia soon found how great a treasure it possessed in so holy a pastor. A certain nobleman named Benevolus, who had been disgraced by the Empress Justina because he refused to draw up an edict in favour of the Arians, had retired to Brescia, and being hindered by sickness from attending the Easter sermons of Gaudentius, requested that he would commit them to writing for his use. By this means were preserved ten out of the twenty-one sermons of the saint which are extant. In the second, which he made for the neophytes at their coming from the font on Holy Saturday, he explained to them the mysteries which he could not expound in presence of the catechumens, especially the Blessed Eucharist, of which he says: “The Creator and Lord of Nature, who brings the bread out of the ground, makes also of bread His own body; because He has promised, and is able to perform it. And He who made wine of water, converts wine into His own blood.”

Gaudentius in the preface to his discourses warns the reader against pirated editions of them. He built a church at Brescia, which he named the “Assembly of the Saints”, and to the dedication of which he invited many bishops and in their presence made the seventeenth sermon of those that are extant. In it he says that he had deposited in this church relics of the Apostles and others, affirming that a portion of a martyr’s relics is in virtue and efficacy the same as the whole. “Therefore”, he says, “that we may be succored by the patronage of so many saints, let us come and supplicate with an entire confidence and earnest desire, that by their interceding we may deserve to obtain all things we ask, magnifying Christ our Lord, the giver of so great grace.”

In 405, St Gaudentius was deputed with two others by Pope St Innocent I and the Emperor Honorius to go into the East to defend the cause of St John Chrysostom before Arcadius, for which Chrysostom sent him a letter of thanks.
The deputies were ill received, and imprisoned in Thrace their papers were forcibly taken from them, and bribes were offered if they would declare themselves in communion with the bishop who had supplanted St John Chrysostom. St Paul is said to have appeared in a vision to one of their deacons to encourage them. They eventually arrived back safely in Italy, though it is supposed their enemies intended them to be cast away at sea, for they were put on a most unseaworthy vessel. St Gaudentius seems to have died about the year 410, and Rufinus styled him “the glory of the doctors of the age wherein he lives”. He is honoured on this day in the Roman Martyrology, which mentions on October 14 another ST Gaudentius. He was the first bishop of Rimini, and may have been martyred by the Arians in the year 359. The Canons Regular of the Lateran keeps his feast.

There seems to be no formal biography of St Gaudentius, but from contemporary allusions and letters a tolerably full account is furnished in the Acta Sanctorum, October, vol. xi. The activities of the saint have occasionally been made the subject of contributions to the local ecclesiastical journal, Brixia sacra, e.g. vol. vi and vol. vii (1915—16). See also Lanzoni, Diocesi d’Italia (1927), vol. ii, pp. 963—965 and the Journal of Theological Studies, vol. xii (1914), pp. 593—596. For the discourses, see A. Glueck, Sti Gaudentii . . . tractatus (1936).

Saint Gaudentius was apparently educated under Saint Philastrius, bishop of Brescia, Italy, and considered him his spiritual father. He made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem hoping to escape the attention his reputation has gained him at home, and then became a monk at Caesarea in Cappadocia. During this time, Saint Philastrius died, and the clergy and people of Brescia chose Gaudentius to succeed him, overruling his objections. He was consecrated by his friend, Saint Ambrose of Milan, c. 387.

A nobleman named Benevolus, who had been disgraced by Empress Justina because he failed to support the Arians, had retired to Brescia. Due to ill health, he was unable to attend Gaudentius's Easter sermons, and he asked Gaudentius to write them down. For this reason, ten of the saint's sermons survive.
Saint Gaudentius is remembered, however, chiefly in connection with Saint John Chrysostom. After Chrysostom was banished for the second time in 404, the Western emperor, Honorius wrote on his behalf to Emperor Arcadius at Constantinople.
The letter, with another form Pope Saint Innocent I, was carried by a deputation, of which Gaudentius was a principal member. They were stopped by officials outside Constantinople and ordered to give up the letters, and when they refused to deliver them to anyone but Arcadius in person they were taken from them by force.
Then a vain attempt was made to bribe the deputation to recognize Chrysostom's intruded successor as archbishop. Gaudentius saw that their mission was hopeless, and at his request they were eventually allowed to go back home.

They were shipped on a vessel so unseaworthy that it had to be left at Lampsacus. Chrysostom sent a letter of thanks for their efforts to Saint Gaudentius and the others, a rather stiff and cool missive which suggests it was written by a secretary rather than by the warm-hearted John.

Rufinus (who wrote one of the first ecclesiastical histories) had a high opinion of Saint Gaudentius as a teacher, but only a few homilies have survived (Attwater, White).

535 St. Hilary Bishop of Mende hermit monk southern France.

Gavális, in Gállia, sancti Hilárii Epíscopi. At Javoux in France, St. Hilary, bishop.

He started as a hermit on the banks of the Tarn River. Before being consecrated bishop, Hilary was a monk at Lerins.

Hilary of Mende B (RM) Born in Mende (Gavallus), France; died 535. Saint Hilary was baptized as an adult. He became a hermit on the banks of the Tarn, monk of Lérins, and finally bishop of Mende (Benedictines).

584 St. Dulcardus Hermit at Saint-Doulchard.
France. He was originally a monk at Micy in Orleans.
Dulcardus of Micy, Hermit (AC). Saint Dulcardus, a monk of Micy (Saint-Mesmin) in Orléans, became a hermit near Bourges, where now stands the village of Saint-Doulchard (Cher) (Benedictines).

670 St. Hildemarca Benedictine abbess head monastery.
invited by St. Wandrille to head his monastery in Fécamp, France. She had been a nun at St. Eulalia in Bordeaux.
Hildemarca of Fécamp OSB Abbess (AC). A nun of Saint Eulalia at Bordeaux, France, who was invited by Saint Wandrille to govern his new monastery at Fécamp (Benedictines).

675 St. Goeznoveus Cornish born Bishop of Quimper.
France. He was brother of St. Maughan.
Goeznoveus (Gouernou) B (AC) Born in Cornwall; Bishop Saint Goeznoveus of Quimper, Brittany, brother of Saint Maughan, founded a monastery near Brest, where he died (Benedictines).

715 St. Fructus A hermit brother & sister slain by Moors.
in Spain. He and his brother, Valentine, and sister, Engratia, lived in Sepulvida, Spain. When Valentine and Engratia were slain, Fructus became a hermit. All three are patrons of Segovia.

Fructus (Frutos), Valentine & Engratia HH (AC). Two brothers and their sister who were living at Sepulveda in Old Castile at the time of one of the Saracen raids. Valentine and Engratia were killed by the Moors, but Frutos escaped and died a hermit. They are now venerated as the patron saints of Segovia, Spain, where their relics are enshrined (Benedictines, Encyclopedia).

1087 Blessed Theodoric of Saint-Herbert, OSB Abbot (AC).
Educated at Maubeuge, Theodoric became a Benedictine at Lobbes. In 1055, he was appointed to be abbot of Saint-Hubert in the Ardennes. Here and at neighboring abbeys of Stavelot- Malmédy he successfully introduced Cluniac observance (Benedictines).

1272 Bd Christopher of Romagnola; personal disciple of St Francis of Assisi; parish priest who joined Friars Minor; distinguished for bodily austerities and devotion to the lepers;

Bd Christopher (often called “of Cahors”) was a personal disciple of St Francis of Assisi. He was a parish priest in the diocese of Cesena, and when about forty years of age he resigned his benefice and joined the newly formed order of Friars Minor, among whom he was distinguished for his bodily austerities and his devotion to the lepers. He was eventually sent into France where he preached against the Albigensians and established his order at Cahors, among other places. He died here in 1272, at a great age, and his cultus was approved in 1905.

The Bollandists on October 31 relegate this holy friar among the praetermissi on the ground that no sufficient evidence had then been produced for his continued cultus. The decree of confirmation, which includes some biographical details, may be read in the Analecta Ecclesiastica for 1905, p. 206. There is a life by Bernard of Besse in the Analecta Franciscana, vol. iii, pp. 161—173. See also the biography by Leopold de Chérancé (1907).

1330 Blessed Albert of Sassoferrato monk of Santa Croce di Tripozzo OSB Cam. (AC)
Died August 7, 1330; cultus confirmed 1837. Albert was a monk of Santa Croce di Tripozzo before the Camaldolese took over the house (Benedictines).

1447 BD THOMAS OF FLORENCE; a Franciscan lay brother; the gift of miracles; Many urged that Bd Thomas should be canonized with St Bernardino of Siena, whose cause was then in process. To prevent the delay that would have resulted, St John of Capistrano, it is said, went to Thomas’s tomb at Rieti and commanded him in the name of holy obedience to cease his miracles until the canonization of Bernardino should be achieved. They stopped for three years, but Bd Thomas has never been canonized. His cultus was approved in 1771.

THOMAS BELLACCI, a native of Florence, was a Franciscan lay brother, who as a young man had led a wild and disorderly life. Realization of the futility of it all and the wise words of a friend wrought a change in him and he was accepted—with some trepidation, for his excesses were notorious—by the friars of the Observance at Fiesole. But his penitence equaled his former sinfulness, and in time, for all he was a lay brother, he was made master of novices, whom he trained in the strictest ways of the Observance.

When in 1414 Friar John of Stroncone went to spread the reform in the kingdom of Naples he took Bd Thomas with him. He laboured there for some six years, strengthened with the gift of miracles, and then, authorized by Pope Martin V, he undertook, in company with Bd Antony of Stroncone, to oppose the heretical Fraticelli in Tuscany. While engaged in this campaign he made a number of new foundations, over which St Bernardino gave him authority, his own headquarters being at the friary of Scarlino. Here he established a custom of going in procession after the night office to a neighbouring wood, where each friar had a little shelter of boughs and shrubs wherein they remained for a time in prayer.

As a result of the “reunion council” at Florence in 1439, Friar Albert of Sarzana was sent as papal legate to the Syrian Jacobites and other dissidents of the East, and he took Thomas with him, although he was in his seventieth year. From Persia Albert commissioned him to go with three other friars into Ethiopia. Three times on their way the Turks, who treated them with great cruelty, seized them. But Bd Thomas insisted on preaching to the Mohammedans, and eventually they had to be ransomed by Pope Eugenius IV, just before their captors were going to put them to death. Bd Thomas could not get over that God had refused the proffered sacrifice of his life, and in 1447, aged as he was, he set out for Rome to ask permission to go again to the East. But at Rieti he was taken ill, and died there on October 31. Many urged that Bd Thomas should be canonized with St Bernardino of Siena, whose cause was then in process. To prevent the delay that would have resulted, St John of Capistrano, it is said, went to Thomas’s tomb at Rieti and commanded him in the name of holy obedience to cease his miracles until the canonization of Bernardino should be achieved. They stopped for three years, but Bd Thomas has never been canonized. His cultus was approved in 1771.

See Wadding, Annales Minorum; Mazzara, Leggendario francescano and the summary in Léon, L’Auréole Séraphique (Eng. trans.), Vol. iv.

1492 BD BALTHASAR OF CHIAVARI; vision of our Lady and was miraculously sheltered from a heavy fall of snow; When he could not walk he had himself carried into church in order to assist at Mass and the choir offices and to hear the confessions of the faithful

BALTHASAR RAVASCHIERI was born at Chiavari on the Gulf of Genoa about the year 1420. He joined the Friars Minor of the Observance, and in due course was professed and ordained. Balthasar was a friend and fellow-preacher with Bd Bernardino of Feltre, and joined enthusiastically and successfully in his missions, but his activities were cut short by ill health. When he could not walk he had himself carried into church in order to assist at Mass and the choir offices and to hear the confessions of the faithful who came to him in crowds. He also used to be taken into the woods and left there for long periods of meditation and reading, and here he had a vision of our Lady and was miraculously sheltered from a heavy fall of snow. This double marvel was commemorated in the sixteenth century by an inscription cut in stone, and in 1678 was recorded in the archives of the town of Chiavari. Bd Balthasar died on October 17, 1492, at Binasco, and his cultus was confirmed in 1930.

Though we have a certain amount of evidence regarding the later cultus of this beatus, very little can be stated with certainty about the facts of his life. See the Archivum Franciscanum Historicum, vol. ii (1909), p. 523. What little is known has been gathered together in the small volume of Fr Bernardino da Carasco, I1 b. Baldassare Ravaschieri (1930).

1497 BD THADDEUS, BISHOP OF CORK AND CLOYNE; his tomb, and the popular cultus of Bd Thaddeus, encouraged by many miracles, was thus begun. Bishops Richelmy of Ivrea and Cailaghan of Cork having co-operated in the forwarding of his cause, the cultus was confirmed in 1895. His feast is kept in the dioceses of Ivrea, Ross, Cork and Cloyne.

OF the early life of this bishop, the only Irishman beatified between the canonization of Lorcan O’Toole in 1228 and the beatification of Oliver Plunket in 1920, very little is known. He belonged to the royal MacCarthys in the part of Munster later known as the Desmond country, his father being lord of Muskerry and his mother a daughter of FitzMaurice, lord of Kerry; Thaddeus (Tadhg) was a baptismal name in this house for seven hundred years. He is said to have begun his studies with the Friars Minor of Kilcrea and to have then gone abroad, and he seems to have been in Rome when, in 1482 at the age of twenty-seven, he was appointed bishop of Ross by Pope Sixtus IV. Three years later when Henry Tudor became ruler of the three kingdoms, the Yorkist Geraldines made a determined effort to have their own representative in the see of Ross. Ever since the appointment of Thaddeus MacCarthy there had been a rival claimant in the person of Hugh O’Driscoll, his predecessor’s auxiliary, and it was now alleged that Thaddeus had intruded himself under false pretences, with other charges added. The earl of Desmond seized the temporalities of the see, and its bishop took refuge at the Cistercian abbey near Parma, which was given him in commendam by the bishop of Clogher. By the machinations of the FitzGeralds Thaddeus was in 1488 declared suspended by the Holy See, and he set off to Rome to plead his cause in person. After two years of investigation and delay Pope Innocent VIII confirmed the bishopric of Ross to Hugh, but nominated Thaddeus to the united dioceses of Cork and Cloyne, then vacant.

When Bd Thaddeus arrived, he found his cathedral closed against him and the see’s endowments in the hands of the FitzGeralds, Barrys and others. In vain he endeavoured to assert his canonical rights and to obtain peaceful control of his charge: there was nothing for it but to go again to Rome and appeal to the Holy See. The pope condemned the tyrants and provided Thaddeus with letters to the earl of Kildare, then lord deputy of Ireland, to the heads of the bishop’s own clan, and to others, exhorting them to protect and aid his just cause. With these Bd Thaddeus set out for home as a pilgrim on foot, and in the evening of October 24, 1497, reached Ivrea, at the foot of the Alps, where he stayed at the hospice of the canons regular of St Bernard of Montjoux. The next morning he was found dead in his bed.

When an examination of his luggage showed who the dead pilgrim was, the matter was reported to the bishop of Ivrea, who ordered that he should be buried with the utmost solemnity. The story of the episcopal pilgrim travelling incognito and on foot soon got around, and the cathedral was crowded with people from the neighbourhood who came to the funeral. They continued to visit the tomb, and the popular cultus of Bd Thaddeus, encouraged by many miracles, was thus begun. Bishops Richelmy of Ivrea and Cailaghan of Cork having co-operated in the forwarding of his cause, the cultus was confirmed in 1895. His feast is kept in the dioceses of Ivrea, Ross, Cork and Cloyne.

Not very much seems to be known concerning this beatus. In the Irish Ecclesiastical Record for 1896 the lessons sanctioned for the office of his festival are printed, pp. 859—861. The decree confirming the cultus may be read in the Analecta Ecclesiastica, vol. iii (1895), p. 456. It gives very little biographical detail, but dwells principally on the miracles worked at the shrine at Ivrea. Cf. V. Berardi, Italy and Ireland in the Middle Ages (1950).

1584 BD RICHARD GWYN, MARTYR; FOR forty years after the dissolution of the monasteries Wales remained a stronghold of the Catholic faith; many of the great families and most of the common people were faithful to it. But soon after the missionary priests began to arrive from the continent, Queen Elizabeth and her ministers set themselves to stamp out the religion by cutting off the channels of sacramental grace and closing the mouths of those who should preach the word of God. In Wales the first victim of this campaign was a layman, Richard Gwyn (alias White). He was born at Llanidloes in Montgomeryshire in 1537, and was brought up a Protestant. On leaving St John’s College, Cambridge, he went to Overton in Flintshire and opened a school.

FOR forty years after the dissolution of the monasteries Wales remained a stronghold of the Catholic faith; many of the great families and most of the common people were faithful to it. But soon after the missionary priests began to arrive from the continent, Queen Elizabeth and her ministers set themselves to stamp out the religion by cutting off the channels of sacramental grace and closing the mouths of those who should preach the word of God. In Wales the first victim of this campaign was a layman, Richard Gwyn (alias White). He was born at Llanidloes in Montgomeryshire in 1537, and was brought up a Protestant. On leaving St John’s College, Cambridge, he went to Overton in Flintshire and opened a school.

Some time after he became a Catholic, and his absence from Protestant worship drawing suspicion on himself, he left Overton with his family for Erbistock. In 1579, being in Wrexham, he was recognized by the vicar (an apostate), denounced, and arrested. He managed to escape. But in June 1580, the Privy Council directed the Protestant bishops to be more vigilant in their dealings with Catholic recusants, especially “all schoolmasters, public and private”. Accordingly, in the very next month, Richard Gwyn was seized and brought before a magistrate, who sent him to Ruthin gaol. At the Michaelmas assizes he was offered his liberty if he would conform, and on refusal was returned to prison, to be kept in irons. At the May assizes he was ordered taken by force to the Protestant church, where he interrupted the preacher by vigorously clanking his chains. He was then put in the stocks from 10 a.m. till 8 p.m., “vexed all the time with a rabble of ministers”. One of them claimed that he had the power of the keys as much as St Peter; but he also had a conspicuously red nose, and Gwyn retorted in exasperation, “There is this difference, namely, that whereas St Peter received the keys of the kingdom of Heaven you appear to have received those of the beer-cellar!”

He was indicted for brawling in church and fined the equivalent of £800, and brought up again in September and fined £1680 in modern money for not having attended church during the seven months he had been in gaol. The judge asked him what means he had to pay these absurd fines. “I have somewhat towards it”, he replied. “How much?” “Sixpence”, said Gwyn. He appeared at three more assizes and was then sent with three other recusants and a Jesuit, Father John Bennet, senior, before the Council of the Marches, which had them tortured at Bewdley, Ludlow and Bridgnorth to try and get the names of other Catholics.

In October 1584 Bd Richard appeared at his eighth assizes, at Wrexham, with two others, Hughes and Morris, and was indicted for treason, in that he was alleged to have tried to reconcile one Lewis Gronow to the Church of Rome and to have maintained the supremacy of the pope. He denied ever speaking with Gronow, and the man afterwards made a public declaration that his evidence and that of the other two witnesses was false and paid for at the instigation of the vicar of Wrexham and another zealot. The jury summoned had refused to appear, so another was impaneled on the spot. The members asked the judge whom they were to convict and whom to acquit! Accordingly Gwyn and Hughes were sentenced to death (Hughes was afterwards reprieved) and Morris released. Mrs. Gwyn was brought into court with her baby and warned not to imitate her husband. She rounded on the sheriff. “If you lack blood”, she said, “you may take my life as well as my husband’s. If you will give the witnesses a little bribe they will give evidence against me too!” Bd Richard was executed on October 15, 1584, a very wet day, at Wrexham (now the see of the Catholic diocese of Menevia, Mynyw). The crowd called for him to be allowed to die before disemboweling, but the sheriff (himself an apostate) refused, and the martyr shrieked out in his agony, “0 Duw gwyn, pa beth ydyw hwn?” “Holy God, what is this?” “An execution for the Queen’s Majesty”, said an official. “Iesu, trugarha wrthyf” “Jesus, have mercy on me!” exclaimed Bd Richard, and his head was struck off.

During his four years of imprisonment Gwyn wrote in Welsh a number of religious poems (not “carols”, as they are generally called), calling on his countrymen to keep to “yr hen Fam”, the old Mother Church, and describing with a bitterness that was unhappily excusable the new religion and its ministers. He was beatified in 1929, and his feast is kept in the diocese of Menevia on this date.

It is under the name of White (a translation of the Welsh “Gwyn”) that Challoner gives an account of this martyr in MM?., pp. 102-105. See also Burton and Pollen, LEM., vol. i, pp. 127—144; and T. P. Ellis, The Catholic Martyrs of Wales (1933), pp. 18-33. For his poetical compositions in Welsh, consult the publications of the Catholic Record Society, vol. v, pp. 90-99.

1739-1822 Blessed Antônio de Sant’Anna Galvão.

God’s plan in a person’s life often takes unexpected turns which become life-giving through cooperation with God’s grace.

Born in Guarantingueta near São Paulo (Brazil), Antônio attended the Jesuit seminary in Belem but later decided to become a Franciscan friar.

Invested in 1760, he made final profession the following year and was ordained in 1762.

In São Paulo, he served as preacher, confessor and porter. Within a few years he was appointed confessor to the Recollects of St. Teresa, a group of nuns in that city. He and Sister Helena Maria of the Holy Spirit founded a new community of sisters under the patronage of Our Lady of the Conception of Divine Providence. Sister Helena Maria’s premature death the next year left Father Antônio responsible for the new congregation, especially for building a convent and church adequate for their growing numbers.

He served as novice master for the friars in Macacu and as guardian of St. Francis Friary in São Paulo. He founded St. Clare Friary in Sorocaba. With the permission of his provincial and the bishop, he spent his last days at the "Recolhimento de Nossa Senhora da Luz," the convent of the sisters’ congregation he had helped establish.

He was beatified in Rome on October 25, 1998.

Comment: Holy women and men cannot help calling our attention to God, to God’s creation and to all the people whom God loves. The lives of holy people are so oriented toward God that this has become their definition of "normal." Do people see my life or yours as a living sign of God’s steadfast love? What might have to change for that to happen?

Quote: During the beatification homily, Pope John Paul II quoted from the Second Letter to Timothy (4:17), "The Lord stood by me and gave me strength to proclaim the word fully," and then said that Antônio "fulfilled his religious consecration by dedicating himself with love and devotion to the afflicted, the suffering and the slaves of his era in Brazil." The pope continued, "His authentically Franciscan faith, evangelically lived and apostolically spent in serving his neighbor, will be an encouragement to imitate this ‘man of peace and charity.’"

1822 Blessed Antônio de Sant’Anna Galvão ‘man of peace and charity.’ founded St. Clare Friary b.1739.
God’s plan in a person’s life often takes unexpected turns which become life-giving through cooperation with God’s grace.

Born in Guarantingueta near São Paulo (Brazil), Antônio attended the Jesuit seminary in Belem but later decided to become a Franciscan friar.

Invested in 1760, he made final profession the following year and was ordained in 1762. In São Paulo, he served as preacher, confessor and porter. Within a few years he was appointed confessor to the Recollects of St. Teresa, a group of nuns in that city. He and Sister Helena Maria of the Holy Spirit founded a new community of sisters under the patronage of Our Lady of the Conception of Divine Providence. Sister Helena Maria’s premature death the next year left Father Antônio responsible for the new congregation, especially for building a convent and church adequate for their growing numbers.

He served as novice master for the friars in Macacu and as guardian of St. Francis Friary in São Paulo. He founded St. Clare Friary in Sorocaba. With the permission of his provincial and the bishop, he spent his last days at the “Recolhimento de Nossa Senhora da Luz,” the convent of the sisters’ congregation he had helped establish.

He was beatified in Rome on October 25, 1998.

Comment: Holy women and men cannot help calling our attention to God, to God’s creation and to all the people whom God loves. The lives of holy people are so oriented toward God that this has become their definition of “normal.” Do people see my life or yours as a living sign of God’s steadfast love? What might have to change for that to happen?

Quote: During the beatification homily, Pope John Paul II quoted from the Second Letter to Timothy (4:17), “The Lord stood by me and gave me strength to proclaim the word fully,” and then said that Antônio “fulfilled his religious consecration by dedicating himself with love and devotion to the afflicted, the suffering and the slaves of his era in Brazil.” The pope continued, “His authentically Franciscan faith, evangelically lived and apostolically spent in serving his neighbor, will be an encouragement to imitate this ‘man of peace and charity.’”

Forty Martyrs of England and Wales (RM)
Died 16th and 17th centuries; canonized by Pope Paul VI in 1970. Each of the individual saints has his own feast day in addition to the corporate one today. The dates vary in the diocesan calendars of England and Wales. The forty are only a small portion of the many martyrs of the period whose causes have been promoted. All suffered for continuing to profess the Catholic faith following King Henry VIII's promulgation of the Act of Supremacy, which declared that the king of England was the head of the Church of England.

Most of them were hanged, drawn, and quartered--a barbaric execution, which meant that the individual was hanged upon a gallows, but cut down before losing consciousness. While still alive--and conscious, they were then ripped up, eviscerated, and the hangman groped about among the entrails until he found the heart--which he tore out and showed to the people before throwing it on a fire (Undset).

The list below gives very basic details. More information is given on the individual feast day listed.
Alban Bartholomew Roe--Benedictine priest (born in Suffolk; died at Tyburn, 1642) (f.d. January 21).
Alexander Briant--priest (born in Somerset, England; died at Tyburn, 1851) (f.d. December 1).
Ambrose Edward Barlow--Benedictine priest (born in Manchester, England, 1585; died at Lancaster, 1641) (f.d. September 10).
Anne Higham Line--widow, for harboring priests (born at Dunmow, Essex, England; died at Tyburn, 1601) (f.d. February 27).
Augustine Webster--Carthusian priest (died at Tyburn, 1535) (f.d. May 4).
Cuthbert Mayne--Priest (born in Youlston, Devonshire, England, 1544; died at Launceston, 1577) (f.d. November 30).
David Lewis--Jesuit priest, (born at Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, Wales, in 1616; died at Usk 1679) (f.d. August 27).
(Brian) Edmund Arrowsmith--Jesuit priest (born Haydock, England, 1584; died at Lancaster in 1628) (f.d. August 28).
Edmund Campion--Jesuit priest (born in London, England, c. 1540; died at Tyburn, 1581) (f.d. December 1).
Edmund Jennings (Genings, Gennings)-- priest (born at Lichfield, England, in 1567; died at Tyburn 1591) (f.d. December 10).
Eustace White--priest (born at Louth, Lincolnshire, England; died at Tyburn, 1591) (f.d. December 10).
Henry Morse--Jesuit priest (born at Broome, Suffolk, England, in 1595; died at Tyburn, 1645) (f.d. February 1).
Henry Walpole--Jesuit priest (born at Docking, Norfolk, England, 1558; died at York in 1595) (f.d. April 7).
John Almond--priest (born at Allerton, near Liverpool, England, 1577; died at Tyburn, 1612) (f.d. December 5).
John Boste--priest (born in Dufton, Westmorland, England, c. 1544; died at Dryburn near Durham, 1594) (f.d. July 24).
John Houghton--Carthusian priest (born in Essex, England, in 1487; died at Tyburn, 1535) (f.d. May 4).
John Jones (alias Buckley)--Friar Observant (born in Clynog Fawr, Carnavonshire, Wales; died at Southwark, London, in 1598) (f.d. July 12).
John Kemble--priest (born at Saint Weonard's, Herefordshire, England, in 1599; died at Hereford in 1679) (f.d. August 22).
John Lloyd--priest, Welshman (born in Brecknockshire, Wales; died in Cardiff, Wales, in 1679) (f.d. July 22).
John Paine (Payne)--priest (born at Peterborough, England; died at Chelmsford, 1582) (f.d. April 2).
John Plessington (a.k.a. William Pleasington)--priest (born at Dimples Hall, Lancashire, England; died at Barrowshill, Boughton outside Chester, England, 1679) (f.d. July 19).
John Rigby--household retainer of the Huddleston family (born near Wigan, Lancashire, England, c. 1570; died at Southwark in 1601) (f.d. June 21).
John Roberts--Benedictine priest, Welshman (born near Trawsfynydd Merionethshire, Wales, in 1577; died at Tyburn, 1610) (f.d. December 10).
John Southworth--priest (born in Lancashire, England, in 1592; died at Tyburn 1654) (f.d. June 28).
John Stone--Augustinian friar (born in Canterbury, England; died at Canterbury, c. 1539) (f.d. December 27).
John Wall--Franciscan priest (born in Lancashire, England, 1620; died at Redhill, Worcester, in 1679) (f.d. August 22).
Luke Kirby--priest (born at Bedale, Yorkshire, England; died at Tyburn, 1582) (f.d. May 30).
Margaret Middleton Clitherow--wife, mother, and school mistress (born in York, England, c. 1555; died at York in 1586) (f.d. March 25).
Margaret Ward--gentlewoman who engineered a priest's escape from jail (born in Congleton, Cheshire, England; died at Tyburn in 1588) (f.d. August 30).
Nicholas Owen--Jesuit laybrother (born at Oxford, England; died in the Tower of London in 1606) (f.d. March 2).
Philip Evans--Jesuit priest, (born in Monmouthshire, Wales, in 1645; died in Cardiff, Wales, in 1679) (f.d. July 22).
Philip Howard--Earl of Arundel and Surrey (born in 1557; died in the Tower of London, believed to have been poisoned, 1595) (f.d. October 19).
Polydore Plasden--priest (born in London, England; died at Tyburn, in 1591) (f.d. December 10).
Ralph Sherwin--priest (born at Rodsley, Derbyshire, England; died at Tyburn, 1851) (f.d. December 1).
Richard Gwyn--poet and schoolmaster; protomartyr of Wales (born at Llanidloes, Montgomeryshire, Wales, in 1537; died at Wrexham, Wales, in 1584) (f.d. October 17).
Richard Reynolds--Brigittine priest (born in Devon, England, c. 1490; died Tyburn in 1535) (f.d. May 4).
Robert Lawrence--Carthusian priest (died at Tyburn in 1535) (f.d. May 4).
Robert Southwell--Jesuit priest (born at Horsham Saint, Norfolk, England, c. 1561; died at Tyburn in 1595) (f.d. February 21).
Swithun Wells--schoolmaster (born at Bambridge, Hampshire, England, in 1536; died at Gray's Inn Fields, London, 1591) (f.d. December 10). Mrs. Wells was also condemned to death, but was reprieved and died in prison, 1600).
Thomas Garnet--Jesuit priest (born at Southwark, England; died at Tyburn, in 1608) (f.d. June 23).

To Save A Life is Earthly; To Save A Soul is Eternal

THE PSALTER OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY PSALM 106

Incline thine ear, O Lady, to hear my prayers: and turn not away from me the beauty of thy face.

Turn our mourning into rejoicing: and our tribulation into joy.

May our enemies fall down at our feet: by thy power may their heads be crushed.

Let every tongue praise thee: and let all flesh bless thy holy name.

For thy spirit is sweet above honey: and thy inheritance above the honey and the honeycomb.

For thy spirit is kind: thy grace fills the whole world.

Thunder, ye heavens, from above, and give praise to her: glorify her, ye earth, with all the dwellers therein.

Rejoice, ye Heavens, and be glad, O Earth: because Mary will console her servants and will have mercy on her poor.

Glory be to the Father, and to the Son and to the Holy Ghost as it was in the beginning and will always be.

God loves variety. He doesn't mass-produce his saints. Every saint is unique, for each is the result of a new idea. As the liturgy says: Non est inventus similis illis--there are no two exactly alike. It is we with our lack of imagination, who paint the same haloes on all the saints. Dear Lord, grant us a spirit that is not bound by our own ideas and preferences. Grant that we may be able to appreciate in others what we lack in ourselves. O Lord, grant that we may understand that every saint must be a unique praise of Your glory. Catholic saints are holy people and human people who lived extraordinary lives. Each saint the Church honors responded to God's invitation to use his or her unique gifts. God calls each one of us to be a saint in order to get into heaven: only saints are allowed into heaven. The more "extravagant" graces are bestowed NOT for the benefit of the recipients so much as FOR the benefit of others.

There are over 10,000 named saints beati from history
and Roman Martyology Orthodox sources
Patron_Saints.html Widowed_Saints html Indulgences The Catholic Church in China
LINKS: Marian Shrines India Marian Shrine Lourdes of the East Lourdes 1858 China Marian shrines 1995
Kenya national Marian shrine Loreto, Italy Marian Apparitions (over 2000) Quang Tri Vietnam La Vang 1798
Links to Related MarianWebsites Angels and Archangels Saints Visions of Heaven and Hell
Widowed Saints html
Doctors_of_the_Church Acts_Of_The_Apostles Roman Catholic Popes Purgatory Uniates Chalcedon

Mary the Mother of Jesus Miracles_BC Lay Saints Miraculous_Icons Miraculous_Medal_Novena Patron Saints
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The great psalm of the Passion, Chapter 22, whose first verse “My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?”
Jesus pronounced on the cross, ended with the vision: “All the ends of the earth shall remember and turn to the Lord;
and all the families of the nations shall worship before him” For kingship belongs to the LORD, the ruler over the nations. All who sleep in the earth will bow low before God; All who have gone down into the dust will kneel in homage. And I will live for the LORD; my descendants will serve you. The generation to come will be told of the Lord, that they may proclaim to a people yet unborn the deliverance you have brought.

Pope Benedict XVI to The Catholic Church In China {whole article here} 2000 years of the Catholic Church in China
The saints “a cloud of witnesses over our head”, showing us life of Christian perfection is possible.

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Saint Frances Xavier Seelos Practical Guide to Holiness

1. Go to Mass with deepest devotion. 2. Spend a half hour to reflect upon your main failing & make resolutions to avoid it.
3. Do daily spiritual reading for at least 15 minutes, if a half hour is not possible. 4. Say the rosary every day.
5. Also daily, if at all possible, visit the Blessed Sacrament; toward evening, meditate on the Passion of Christ for a half hour, 6. Conclude the day with evening prayer & an examination of conscience over all the faults & sins of the day.
7. Every month make a review of the month in confession.
8. Choose a special patron every month & imitate that patron in some special virtue.
9. Precede every great feast with a novena that is nine days of devotion. 10. Try to begin & end every activity with a Hail Mary

My God, I believe, I adore, I trust and I love Thee. I beg pardon for those who do not believe, do not adore, do not

O most Holy trinity, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, I adore Thee profoundly. I offer Thee the most precious Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity of Jesus Christ, present in all the Tabernacles of the world, in reparation for the outrages, sacrileges and indifference by which He is offended, and by the infite merits of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and the Immaculate Heart of Mary. I beg the conversion of poor sinners, Fatima Prayer, Angel of Peace

The voice of the Father is heard, the Son enters the water, and the Holy Spirit appears in the form of a dove.

THE spirit and example of the world imperceptibly instil the error into the minds of many that there is a kind of middle way of going to Heaven; and so, because the world does not live up to the gospel, they bring the gospel down to the level of the world. It is not by this example that we are to measure the Christian rule, but words and life of Christ. All His followers are commanded to labour to become perfect even as our heavenly Father is perfect, and to bear His image in our hearts that we may be His children. We are obliged by the gospel to die to ourselves by fighting self-love in our hearts, by the mastery of our passions, by taking on the spirit of our Lord.

These are the conditions under which Christ makes His promises and numbers us among His children, as is manifest from His words which the apostles have left us in their inspired writings. Here is no distinction made or foreseen between the apostles or clergy or religious and secular persons. The former, indeed, take upon themselves certain stricter obligations, as a means of accomplishing these ends more perfectly; but the law of holiness and of disengagement of the heart from the world is general and binds all the followers of Christ.

God loves variety. He doesn't mass-produce his saints. Every saint is unique each the result of a new idea.

As the liturgy says: Non est inventus similis illis--there are no two exactly alike.
It is we with our lack of imagination, who paint the same haloes on all the saints.
Dear Lord, grant us a spirit not bound by our own ideas and preferences.
Grant that we may be able to appreciate in others what we lack in ourselves.
O Lord, grant that we may understand that every saint must be a unique praise of Your glory.
Catholic saints are holy people and human people who lived extraordinary lives.

Each saint the Church honors responded to God's invitation to use his or her unique gifts.

The 15 Promises of the Virgin Mary to those who recite the Rosary ) Revealed to St. Dominic and Blessed Alan)

1. Whoever shall faithfully serve me by the recitation of the Rosary, shall receive signal graces. 2. I promise my special protection and the greatest graces to all those who shall recite the Rosary. 3. The Rosary shall be a powerful armor against hell, it will destroy vice, decrease sin, and defeat heresies. 4. It will cause virtue and good works to flourish; it will obtain for souls the abundant mercy of God; it will withdraw the hearts of people from the love of the world and its vanities, and will lift them to the desire of eternal things. Oh, that soul would sanctify them by this means. 5. The soul that recommends itself to me by the recitation of the Rosary shall not perish. 6. Whoever shall recite the Rosary devoutly, applying themselves to the consideration of its Sacred Mysteries shall never be conquered by misfortune. God will not chastise them in His justice, they shall not perish by an unprovided death; if they be just, they shall remain in the grace of God, and become worthy of eternal life. 7. Whoever shall have a true devotion for the Rosary shall not die without the Sacraments of the Church. 8. Those who are faithful to recite the Rosary shall have during their life and at their death the light of God and the plentitude of His graces; at the moment of death they shall participate in the merits of the Saints in Paradise. 9. I shall deliver from purgatory those who have been devoted to the Rosary. 10. The faithful children of the Rosary shall merit a high degree of glory in Heaven. 11. You shall obtain all you ask of me by the recitation of the Rosary. 12. I shall aid all those who propagate the Holy Rosary in their necessities. 13. I have obtained from my Divine Son that all the advocates of the Rosary shall have for intercessors the entire celestial court during their life and at the hour of death. 14. All who recite the Rosary are my children, and brothers and sisters of my only Son, Jesus Christ. 15. Devotion to my Rosary is a great sign of predestination.

His Holiness Aram I, current (2013) Catholicos of Cilicia of Armenians, whose See is located in Lebanese town of Antelias. The Catholicosate was founded in Sis, capital of Cilicia, in the year 1441 following the move of the Catholicosate of All Armenians back to its original See of Etchmiadzin in Armenia. The Catholicosate of Cilicia enjoyed local jurisdiction, though spiritually subject to the authority of Etchmiadzin. In 1921 the See was transferred to Aleppo in Syria, and in 1930 to Antelias.

Its jurisdiction currently extends to Syria, Cyprus, Iran and Greece.

Aramaic dialect of Edessa, now known as Syriac

The exact date of the introduction of Christianity into Edessa {Armenian Ourhaï in Arabic Er Roha, commonly Orfa or Urfa, its present name} is not known. It is certain, however, that the Christian community was at first made up from the Jewish population of the city. According to an ancient legend, King Abgar V, Ushana, was converted by Addai, who was one of the seventy-two disciples. In fact, however, the first King of Edessa to embrace the Christian Faith was Abgar IX (c. 206) becoming official kingdom religion.

Christian council held at Edessa early as 197 (Eusebius, Hist. Ecc7V,xxiii).

In 201 the city was devastated by a great flood, and the Christian church was destroyed (“Chronicon Edessenum”, ad. an. 201).

In 232 the relics of the Apostle St. Thomas were brought from India, on which occasion his Syriac Acts were written.

Under Roman domination martyrs suffered at Edessa: Sts. Scharbîl and Barsamya, under Decius; Sts. Gûrja, Schâmôna, Habib, and others under Diocletian.

In the meanwhile Christian priests from Edessa evangelized Eastern Mesopotamia and Persia, established the first Churches in the kingdom of the Sassanides. Atillâtiâ, Bishop of Edessa, assisted at the Council of Nicæa (325). The “Peregrinatio Silviæ” (or Etheriæ) (ed. Gamurrini, Rome, 1887, 62 sqq.) gives an account of the many sanctuaries at Edessa about 388.

Although Hebrew had been the language of the ancient Israelite kingdom, after their return from Exile the Jews turned more and more to Aramaic, using it for parts of the books of Ezra and Daniel in the Bible. By the time of Jesus, Aramaic was the main language of Palestine, and quite a number of texts from the Dead Sea Scrolls are also written in Aramaic.

Aramaic continued to be an important language for Jews, alongside Hebrew, and parts of the Talmud are written in it.

After Arab conquests of the seventh century, Arabic quickly replaced Aramaic as the main language of those who converted to Islam, although in out of the way places, Aramaic continued as a vernacular language of Muslims.

Aramaic, however, enjoyed its greatest success in Christianity. Although the New Testament wins written in Greek, Christianity had come into existence in an Aramaic-speaking milieu, and it was the Aramaic dialect of Edessa, now known as Syriac, that became the literary language of a large number of Christians living in the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire and in the Persian Empire, further east. Over the course of the centuries the influence of the Syriac Churches spread eastwards to China (in Xian, in western China, a Chinese-Syriac inscription dated 781 is still to be seen); to southern India where the state of Kerala can boast more Christians of Syriac liturgical tradition than anywhere else in the world.

680 Shiite saint Imam Hussein, grandson of Islam's Prophet Muhammad Known as Ashoura and observed by Shiites across the world, the 10th day of the lunar Muslim month of Muharram: the anniversary of the 7th century death in battle of one of Shiite Islam's most beloved saints. Imam Hussein died in the 680 A.D. battle fought on the plains outside Karbala, a city in modern Iraq that's home to the saint's shrine. The battle over a dispute about the leadership of the Muslim faith following Muhammad's death in 632 A.D. It is the defining event in Islam's split into Sunni and Shiite branches. The occasion is the source of an enduring moral lesson. "He sacrificed his blood to teach us not to give in to corruption, coercion, or use of force and to seek honor and justice." According to Shiite beliefs, Hussein and companions were denied water by enemies who controlled the nearby Euphrates. Streets get partially covered with blood from slaughter of hundreds of cows and sheep. Volunteers cook the meat and feed it to the poor. Hussein's martyrdom recounted through a rich body of prose, poetry and song remains an inspirational example of sacrifice to many Shiites, 10 percent of the world's estimated 1.3 billion Muslims.

Meeting of the Saints walis (saints of Allah)

Great men covet to embrace martyrdom for a cause and principle.

So was the case with Hazrat Ali. He could have made a compromise with the evil forces of his time and, as a result, could have led a very comfortable, easy and luxurious life. But he was not a person who would succumb to such temptations. His upbringing, his education and his training in the lap of the holy Prophet made him refuse such an offer.
Rabia Al-Basri (717–801 C.E.) She was first to set forth the doctrine of mystical love and who is widely considered to be the most important of the early Sufi poets. An elderly Shia pointed out that during his pre-Partition childhood it was quite common to find pictures and portraits of Shia icons in Imambaras across the country.
Shah Abdul Latif: The Exalted Sufi Master born 1690 in a Syed family; died 1754. In ancient times, Sindh housed the exemplary Indus Valley Civilisation with Moenjo Daro as its capital, and now, it is the land of a culture which evolved from the teachings of eminent Sufi saints. Pakistan is home to the mortal remains of many Sufi saints, the exalted among them being Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, a practitioner of the real Islam, philosopher, poet, musicologist and preacher. He presented his teaching through poetry and music - both instruments sublime - and commands a very large following, not only among Muslims but also among Hindus and Christians. Sindh culture: The Shah is synonymous with Sindh. He is the very fountainhead of Sindh's culture. His message remains as fresh as that of any present day poet, and the people of Sindh find solace from his writings. He did indeed think for Sindh. One of his prayers, in exquisite Sindhi, translates thus: “Oh God, may ever You on Sindh bestow abundance rare! Beloved! All the world let share Thy grace, and fruitful be.”
Shia Ali al-Hadi, died 868 and son Hassan al-Askari 874. These saints are the 10th and 11th of Shia's 12 most revered Imams. Baba Farid Sufi 1398 miracle, Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki renowned Muslim Sufi saint scholar miracles 569 A.H. [1173 C.E.] hermit gave to poor, Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti greatest mystic of his time born 533 Hijri (1138-39 A.D.), Hazrat Ghuas-e Azam, Hazrat Bu Ali Sharif, and Hazrat Nizamuddi n Aulia Sufi Saint Hazrath Khwaja Syed Mohammed Badshah Quadri Chisty Yamani Quadeer (RA) 1236-1325 welcomed people of all faiths & all walks of life.

801 Rabi'a al-'Adawiyya Sufi One of the most famous Islamic mystics
(b. 717). This 8th century saint was an early Sufi who had a profound influence on later Sufis, who in turn deeply influenced the European mystical love and troubadour traditions. Rabi'a was a woman of Basra, a seaport in southern Iraq. She was born around 717 and died in 801 (185-186). Her biographer, the great medieval poet Attar, tells us that she was "on fire with love and longing" and that men accepted her "as a second spotless Mary" (186). She was, he continues, “an unquestioned authority to her contemporaries" (218).
Rabi'a began her ascetic life in a small desert cell near Basra, where she lost herself in prayer and went straight to God for teaching. As far as is known, she never studied under any master or spiritual director. She was one of the first of the Sufis to teach that Love alone was the guide on the mystic path (222). A later Sufi taught that there were two classes of "true believers": one class sought a master as an intermediary between them and God -- unless they could see the footsteps of the Prophet on the path before them, they would not accept the path as valid. The second class “...did not look before them for the footprint of any of God's creatures, for they had removed all thought of what He had created from their hearts, and concerned themselves solely with God. (218)
Rabi'a was of this second kind. She felt no reverence even for the House of God in Mecca: "It is the Lord of the house Whom I need; what have I to do with the house?" (219) One lovely spring morning a friend asked her to come outside to see the works of God. She replied, "Come you inside that you may behold their Maker. Contemplation of the Maker has turned me aside from what He has made" (219). During an illness, a friend asked this woman if she desired anything.
"...[H]ow can you ask me such a question as 'What do I desire?' I swear by the glory of God that for twelve years I have desired fresh dates, and you know that in Basra dates are plentiful, and I have not yet tasted them. I am a servant (of God), and what has a servant to do with desire?" (162)
When a male friend once suggested she should pray for relief from a debilitating illness, she said,
"O Sufyan, do you not know Who it is that wills this suffering for me? Is it not God Who wills it? When you know this, why do you bid me ask for what is contrary to His will? It is not well to oppose one's Beloved." (221)
She was an ascetic. It was her custom to pray all night, sleep briefly just before dawn, and then rise again just as dawn "tinged the sky with gold" (187). She lived in celibacy and poverty, having renounced the world. A friend visited her in old age and found that all she owned were a reed mat, screen, a pottery jug, and a bed of felt which doubled as her prayer-rug (186), for where she prayed all night, she also slept briefly in the pre-dawn chill. Once her friends offered to get her a servant; she replied,
"I should be ashamed to ask for the things of this world from Him to Whom the world belongs, and how should I ask for them from those to whom it does not belong?" (186-7)
A wealthy merchant once wanted to give her a purse of gold. She refused it, saying that God, who sustains even those who dishonor Him, would surely sustain her, "whose soul is overflowing with love" for Him. And she added an ethical concern as well:
"...How should I take the wealth of someone of whom I do not know whether he acquired it lawfully or not?" (187)
She taught that repentance was a gift from God because no one could repent unless God had already accepted him and given him this gift of repentance. She taught that sinners must fear the punishment they deserved for their sins, but she also offered such sinners far more hope of Paradise than most other ascetics did. For herself, she held to a higher ideal, worshipping God neither from fear of Hell nor from hope of Paradise, for she saw such self-interest as unworthy of God's servants; emotions like fear and hope were like veils -- i.e., hindrances to the vision of God Himself. The story is told that once a number of Sufis saw her hurrying on her way with water in one hand and a burning torch in the other. When they asked her to explain, she said:
"I am going to light a fire in Paradise and to pour water on to Hell, so that both veils may vanish altogether from before the pilgrims and their purpose may be sure..." (187-188)
She was once asked where she came from. "From that other world," she said. "And where are you going?" she was asked. "To that other world," she replied (219). She taught that the spirit originated with God in "that other world" and had to return to Him in the end. Yet if the soul were sufficiently purified, even on earth, it could look upon God unveiled in all His glory and unite with him in love. In this quest, logic and reason were powerless. Instead, she speaks of the "eye" of her heart which alone could apprehend Him and His mysteries (220).
Above all, she was a lover, a bhakti, like one of Krishna’s Goptis in the Hindu tradition. Her hours of prayer were not so much devoted to intercession as to communion with her Beloved. Through this communion, she could discover His will for her. Many of her prayers have come down to us:
       "I have made Thee the Companion of my heart,
        But my body is available for those who seek its company,
        And my body is friendly towards its guests,
        But the Beloved of my heart is the Guest of my soul." [224]

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Mother Angelica saving souls is this beautiful womans journey

Shrine_of_The_Most_Blessed_Sacrament

Colombia was among the countries Mother Angelica visited.
In Bogotá, a Salesian priest - Father Juan Pablo Rodriguez - brought Mother and the nuns to the Sanctuary of the Divine Infant Jesus to attend Mass. After Mass, Father Juan Pablo took them into a small Shrine which housed the miraculous statue of the Child Jesus. Mother Angelica stood praying at the side of the statue when suddenly the miraculous image came alive and turned towards her. Then the Child Jesus spoke with the voice of a young boy: “Build Me a Temple and I will help those who help you.”

Thus began a great adventure that would eventually result in the Shrine of the Most Blessed Sacrament, a Temple dedicated to the Divine Child Jesus, a place of refuge for all. Use this link to read a remarkable story about The Shrine of the Most Blessed Sacrament

Father Reardon, Editor of The Catholic Bulletin for 14 years Lover of the poor; “A very Holy Man of God.”

Monsignor Reardon Protonotarius Apostolicus
Pastor 42 years BASILICA OF SAINT MARY Minneapolis MN

America's First Basilica Largest Nave in the World

August 7, 1907-ground broke for the foundation

by Archbishop Ireland-laying cornerstone May 31, 1908

James M. Reardon Publication History of Basilica of Saint Mary 1600-1932

Index to Part I and Part II 1932

James M. Reardon Publication History of the Basilica of Saint Mary 1955 {update}

Brief History of our Beloved Holy Priest Here and his published books of Catholic History in North America
Reardon, J.M. Archbishop Ireland; Prelate, Patriot, Publicist, 1838-1918.
A Memoir (St. Paul; 1919); George Anthony Belcourt Pioneer Catholic Missionary of the Northwest 1803-1874 (1955);
The Catholic Church IN THE DIOCESE OF ST. PAUL from earliest origin to centennial achievement 1362-1950 (1952);
The Church of Saint Mary of Saint Paul 1875-1922; (1932)
The Vikings in the American Heartland;
The Catholic Total Abstinence Society in Minnesota;

James Michael Reardon Born in Nova Scotia, 1872; Priest, ordained by Bishop Ireland;

Member -- St. Paul Seminary faculty.

Affiliations and Indulgences Litany of Loretto in Stained glass windows here. Nave Sacristy and Residence Here
Sanctuary spaces between them filled with grilles of hand-forged wrought iron the life of our Blessed Lady After the crucifixon

Apostle statues Replicas of those in St John Lateran--Christendom's earliest Basilica.
Ordered by Rome's first Christian Emperor, Constantine the Great, Popes' cathedral and official residence first millennium of Christian history.

The only replicas ever made: in order from west to east {1932}.

Saints Simon (saw), Bartholomew (knife), James the Lesser (book), John (eagle), Andrew (transverse cross), Peter keys), Paul (sword), James the Greater (staff), Thomas (carpenter's square), Philip (serpent), Matthew (book), and Jude sword

Every Christian must be a living book wherein one can read the teaching of the gospel
It Makes No Sense Not To Believe In GOD

THE BLESSED MOTHER AND ISLAM By Father John Corapi.

June 19, Trinity Sunday, 1991: Ordained Catholic Priest under Pope John Paul II;
then 2,000,000 miles delivering the Gospel to millions, and continues to do so.

By Father John Corapi
THE BLESSED MOTHER AND ISLAM By Father John Corapi.

June 19, Trinity Sunday, 1991: Ordained Catholic Priest under Pope John Paul II;
then 2,000,000 miles delivering the Gospel to millions, and continues to do so.

By Father John Corapi

Among the most important titles we have in the Catholic Church for the Blessed Virgin Mary are Our Lady of Victory and Our Lady of the Rosary. These titles can be traced back to one of the most decisive times in the history of the world and Christendom. The Battle of Lepanto took place on October 7 (date of feast of Our Lady of Rosary), 1571. This proved to be the most crucial battle for the Christian forces against the radical Muslim navy of Turkey. Pope Pius V led a procession around St. Peter’s Square in Vatican City praying the Rosary. He showed true pastoral leadership in recognizing the danger posed to Christendom by the radical Muslim forces, and in using the means necessary to defeat it. Spiritual battles require spiritual weapons, and this more than anything was a battle that had its origins in the spiritual order—a true battle between good and evil.

Today we have a similar spiritual battle in progress—a battle between the forces of good and evil, light and darkness, truth and lies, life and death. If we do not soon stop the genocide of abortion in the United States, we shall run the course of all those that prove by their actions that they are enemies of God—total collapse, economic, social, and national. The moral demise of a nation results in the ultimate demise of a nation. God is not a disinterested spectator to the affairs of man. Life begins at conception. This is an unalterable formal teaching of the Catholic Church. If you do not accept this you are a heretic in plain English. A single abortion is homicide. The more than 48,000,000 abortions since Roe v. Wade in the United States constitute genocide by definition. The group singled out for death—unwanted, unborn children.

No other issue, not all other issues taken together, can constitute a proportionate reason for voting for candidates that intend to preserve and defend this holocaust of innocent human life that is abortion.
As we watch the spectacle of the world seeming to self-destruct before our eyes, we can’t help but be saddened and even frightened by so much evil run rampant. Iraq, Lebanon, Afghanistan, Somalia, North Korea—It is all a disaster of epic proportions displayed in living color on our television screens. These are not ordinary times and this is not business as usual. We are at a crossroads in human history and the time for Catholics and all Christians to act is now. All evil can ultimately be traced to its origin, which is moral evil. All of the political action, peace talks, international peacekeeping forces, etc. will avail nothing if the underlying sickness is not addressed. This is sin. One person at a time hearts and minds must be moved from evil to good, from lies to truth, from violence to peace.
Islam, an Arabic word that has often been defined as “to make peace,” seems like a living contradiction today. Islam is a religion of peace. As we celebrate the birthday of Our Lady, I am proposing that each one of us pray the Rosary for peace. Prayer is what must precede all other activity if that activity is to have any chance of success. Pray for peace, pray the Rosary every day without fail. There is a great love for Mary among Muslim people. It is not a coincidence that a little village named Fatima is where God chose to have His Mother appear in the twentieth century. Our Lady’s name appears no less than thirty times in the Koran. No other woman’s name is mentioned, not even that of Mohammed’s daughter, Fatima. In the Koran Our Lady is described as “Virgin, ever Virgin.”

Archbishop Fulton Sheen prophetically spoke of the resurgence of Islam in our day. He said it would be through the Blessed Virgin Mary that Islam would be converted. We must pray for this to happen quickly if we are to avert a horrible time of suffering for this poor, sinful world. Turn to our Mother in this time of great peril. Pray the Rosary every day. Then, and only then will there be peace, when the hearts and minds of men are changed from the inside.

Talk is weak. Prayer is strong. Pray! God bless you, Father John Corapi

Father Corapi's Biography

Father John Corapi is what has commonly been called a late vocation. In other words, he came to the priesthood other than a young man. He was 44 years old when he was ordained. From small town boy to the Vietnam era US Army, from successful businessman in Las Vegas and Hollywood to drug addicted and homeless, to religious life and ordination to the priesthood by Pope John Paul II, to a life as a preacher of the Gospel who has reached millions with the simple message that God's Name is Mercy!

Father Corapi's academic credentials are quite extensive. He received a Bachelor of Business Administration degree from Pace University in the seventies. Then as an older man returned to the university classrooms in preparation for his life as a priest and preacher. He received all of his academic credentials for the Church with honors: a Masters degree in Sacred Scripture from Holy Apostles Seminary and Bachelor, Licentiate, and Doctorate degrees in dogmatic theology from the University of Navarre in Spain.

Father John Corapi goes to the heart of the contemporary world's many woes and wars, whether the wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, Lebanon, Somalia, or the Congo, or the natural disasters that seem to be increasing every year, the moral and spiritual war is at the basis of everything. “Our battle is not against human forces,” St. Paul asserts, “but against principalities and powers, against the world rulers of this present darkness...” (Ephesians 6:12).
The “War to end all wars” is the moral and spiritual combat that rages in the hearts and minds of human beings. The outcome of that unseen fight largely determines how the battle in the realm of the seen unfolds. The title talk, “With the Moon Under Her Feet,” is taken from the twelfth chapter of the Book of Revelation, and deals with the current threat to the world from radical Islam, and the Blessed Virgin Mary's role in the ultimate victory that will result in the conversion of Islam. Few Catholics are aware of the connection between Islam, Fatima, and Guadalupe. Presented in Father Corapi's straight-forward style, you will be both inspired and educated by him.

About Father John Corapi.

Father Corapi is a Catholic priest .

The pillars of father's preaching are basically:

Love for and a relationship with the Blessed Virgin Mary
Leading a vibrant and loving relationship with Jesus Christ
Great love and reverence for the Most Holy Eucharist from Holy Mass to adoration of the Blessed Sacrament
An uncompromising love for and obedience to the Holy Father and the teaching of the Magisterium of the Church

God Bless you on your journey Father John Corapi

Records on life of Father Flanagan, founder of Boys Town, presented at Vatican
Jul 23, 2019 - 03:01 am .- The cause for canonization of Servant of God Edward Flanagan, the priest who founded Nebraska's Boys Town community for orphans and other boys, advanced Monday with the presentation of a summary of records on his life.

Archbishop Fulton Sheen to be beatified
Jul 6, 2019 - 04:00 am .- Pope Francis approved the miracle attributed to Archbishop Fulton Sheen Friday, making possible the American television catechist's beatification.

Brooklyn diocese advances sainthood cause of local priest
Jun 25, 2019 - 03:01 am .- The Bishop of Brooklyn accepted last week the findings of a nine-year diocesan investigation into the life of Monsignor Bernard John Quinn, known for fighting bigotry and serving the African American population, as part of his cause for canonization.

Fr. Augustus Tolton, former African American slave, advances toward sainthood
Jun 12, 2019 - 05:03 am .- Fr. Augustus Tolton advanced along the path to sainthood Wednesday, making the runaway slave-turned-priest one step closer to being the first black American saint.

Pope Francis will beatify these martyred Greek-Catholic bishops in Romania
May 30, 2019 - 03:01 pm .- On Sunday in Blaj, Pope Francis will beatify seven Greek-Catholic bishops of Romania who were killed by the communist regime between 1950 and 1970.

Woman who served Brazil’s poorest to be canonized
May 14, 2019 - 06:53 am .- Pope Francis Tuesday gave his approval for eight sainthood causes to proceed, including that of Bl. Dulce Lopes Pontes, a 20th-century religious sister who served Brazil’s poor.

Seven 20th-century Romanian bishops declared martyrs
Mar 19, 2019 - 12:01 pm .- Pope Francis declared Tuesday the martyrdom of seven Greek-Catholic bishops killed by the communist regime in Romania in the mid-20th century.

Pope advances sainthood causes of 17 women
Jan 15, 2019 - 11:12 am .- Pope Francis approved Tuesday the next step in the canonization causes of 17 women from four countries, including the martyrdom of 14 religious sisters killed in Spain at the start of the Spanish Civil War.

Nineteen Algerian martyrs beatified
Dec 10, 2018 - 03:08 pm .- Bishop Pierre Claverie and his 18 companions, who were martyred in Algeria between 1994 and 1996, were beatified Saturday during a Mass in Oran.

The Algerian martyrs shed their blood for Christ, pope says
Dec 7, 2018 - 10:02 am .- Ahead of the beatification Saturday of Bishop Pierre Claverie and his 18 companions, who were martyred in Algeria between 1994 and 1996, Pope Francis said martyrs have a special place in the Church.
Algerian martyrs are models for the Church, archbishop says
Nov 16, 2018 - 03:01 am .- Archbishop Paul Desfarges of Algiers has said that Bishop Pierre Claverie and his 18 companions, who were martyred in Algeria between 1994 and 1996, are “models for our lives as disciples today and tomorrow.”

Francesco Spinelli to be canonized after healing of a newborn in DR Congo
Oct 9, 2018 - 05:01 pm .- Among those being canonized on Sunday are Fr. Franceso Spinelli, a diocesan priest through whose intercession a newborn was saved from death in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Algerian martyrs to be beatified in December
Sep 14, 2018 - 06:01 pm .- The Algerian bishops' conference has announced that the beatification of Bishop Pierre Claverie and his 18 companions, who were martyred in the country between 1994 and 1996, will be held Dec. 8.

Now a cardinal, Giovanni Angelo Becciu heads to congregation for saints' causes
Jun 28, 2018 - 11:41 am .- Newly-minted Cardinal Giovanni Angelo Becciu will resign from his post as substitute of the Secretariat of State tomorrow, in anticipation of his appointment as prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints later this summer.

Pope Francis creates new path to beatification under ‘offering of life’
Jul 11, 2017 - 06:22 am .- On Tuesday Pope Francis declared a new category of Christian life suitable for consideration of beatification called “offering of life” – in which a person has died prematurely through an offering of their life for love of God and neighbor.

Twentieth century Polish nurse among causes advancing toward sainthood
Jul 7, 2017 - 06:14 am .- Pope Francis on Friday approved a miracle attributed to the intercession of the Venerable Hanna Chrzanowska, a Polish nurse and nursing instructor who died from cancer in 1973, paving the way for her beatification.

Sainthood causes advance, including layman who resisted fascism
Jun 17, 2017 - 09:22 am .- Pope Francis on Friday recognized the heroic virtue of six persons on the path to canonization, as well as the martyrdom of an Italian man who died from injuries of a beating he received while imprisoned in a concentration camp for resisting fascism.

Solanus Casey, Cardinal Van Thuan among those advanced toward sainthood
May 4, 2017 - 10:47 am .- Pope Francis on Thursday approved decrees of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints advancing the causes for canonization of 12 individuals, including the American-born Capuchin Solanus Casey and the Vietnamese cardinal Francis Xavier Nguen Van Thuan.

Pope clears way for canonization of Fatima visionaries
Mar 23, 2017 - 06:44 am .- On Thursday Pope Francis approved the second and final miracle needed to canonize Blessed Francisco and Jacinta Marto, two of the shepherd children who witnessed the Fatima Marian apparitions.
Surgeon and father among sainthood causes moving forward
Feb 27, 2017 - 11:03 am .- Pope Francis recognized on Monday the heroic virtue of eight persons on the path to canonization, including an Italian surgeon and father of eight who suffered from several painful diseases throughout his life.

Records on life of Father Flanagan, founder of Boys Town, presented at Vatican
Jul 23, 2019 - 03:01 am .- The cause for canonization of Servant of God Edward Flanagan, the priest who founded Nebraska's Boys Town community for orphans and other boys, advanced Monday with the presentation of a summary of records on his life.

Archbishop Fulton Sheen to be beatified
Jul 6, 2019 - 04:00 am .- Pope Francis approved the miracle attributed to Archbishop Fulton Sheen Friday, making possible the American television catechist's beatification.

Brooklyn diocese advances sainthood cause of local priest
Jun 25, 2019 - 03:01 am .- The Bishop of Brooklyn accepted last week the findings of a nine-year diocesan investigation into the life of Monsignor Bernard John Quinn, known for fighting bigotry and serving the African American population, as part of his cause for canonization.

Fr. Augustus Tolton, former African American slave, advances toward sainthood
Jun 12, 2019 - 05:03 am .- Fr. Augustus Tolton advanced along the path to sainthood Wednesday, making the runaway slave-turned-priest one step closer to being the first black American saint.

Pope Francis will beatify these martyred Greek-Catholic bishops in Romania
May 30, 2019 - 03:01 pm .- On Sunday in Blaj, Pope Francis will beatify seven Greek-Catholic bishops of Romania who were killed by the communist regime between 1950 and 1970.

Woman who served Brazil’s poorest to be canonized
May 14, 2019 - 06:53 am .- Pope Francis Tuesday gave his approval for eight sainthood causes to proceed, including that of Bl. Dulce Lopes Pontes, a 20th-century religious sister who served Brazil’s poor.

Seven 20th-century Romanian bishops declared martyrs
Mar 19, 2019 - 12:01 pm .- Pope Francis declared Tuesday the martyrdom of seven Greek-Catholic bishops killed by the communist regime in Romania in the mid-20th century.

Pope advances sainthood causes of 17 women
Jan 15, 2019 - 11:12 am .- Pope Francis approved Tuesday the next step in the canonization causes of 17 women from four countries, including the martyrdom of 14 religious sisters killed in Spain at the start of the Spanish Civil War.

Nineteen Algerian martyrs beatified
Dec 10, 2018 - 03:08 pm .- Bishop Pierre Claverie and his 18 companions, who were martyred in Algeria between 1994 and 1996, were beatified Saturday during a Mass in Oran.

The Algerian martyrs shed their blood for Christ, pope says
Dec 7, 2018 - 10:02 am .- Ahead of the beatification Saturday of Bishop Pierre Claverie and his 18 companions, who were martyred in Algeria between 1994 and 1996, Pope Francis said martyrs have a special place in the Church.
Algerian martyrs are models for the Church, archbishop says
Nov 16, 2018 - 03:01 am .- Archbishop Paul Desfarges of Algiers has said that Bishop Pierre Claverie and his 18 companions, who were martyred in Algeria between 1994 and 1996, are “models for our lives as disciples today and tomorrow.”

Francesco Spinelli to be canonized after healing of a newborn in DR Congo
Oct 9, 2018 - 05:01 pm .- Among those being canonized on Sunday are Fr. Franceso Spinelli, a diocesan priest through whose intercession a newborn was saved from death in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Algerian martyrs to be beatified in December
Sep 14, 2018 - 06:01 pm .- The Algerian bishops' conference has announced that the beatification of Bishop Pierre Claverie and his 18 companions, who were martyred in the country between 1994 and 1996, will be held Dec. 8.

Now a cardinal, Giovanni Angelo Becciu heads to congregation for saints' causes
Jun 28, 2018 - 11:41 am .- Newly-minted Cardinal Giovanni Angelo Becciu will resign from his post as substitute of the Secretariat of State tomorrow, in anticipation of his appointment as prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints later this summer.

Pope Francis creates new path to beatification under ‘offering of life’
Jul 11, 2017 - 06:22 am .- On Tuesday Pope Francis declared a new category of Christian life suitable for consideration of beatification called “offering of life” – in which a person has died prematurely through an offering of their life for love of God and neighbor.

Twentieth century Polish nurse among causes advancing toward sainthood
Jul 7, 2017 - 06:14 am .- Pope Francis on Friday approved a miracle attributed to the intercession of the Venerable Hanna Chrzanowska, a Polish nurse and nursing instructor who died from cancer in 1973, paving the way for her beatification.

Sainthood causes advance, including layman who resisted fascism
Jun 17, 2017 - 09:22 am .- Pope Francis on Friday recognized the heroic virtue of six persons on the path to canonization, as well as the martyrdom of an Italian man who died from injuries of a beating he received while imprisoned in a concentration camp for resisting fascism.

Solanus Casey, Cardinal Van Thuan among those advanced toward sainthood
May 4, 2017 - 10:47 am .- Pope Francis on Thursday approved decrees of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints advancing the causes for canonization of 12 individuals, including the American-born Capuchin Solanus Casey and the Vietnamese cardinal Francis Xavier Nguen Van Thuan.

Pope clears way for canonization of Fatima visionaries
Mar 23, 2017 - 06:44 am .- On Thursday Pope Francis approved the second and final miracle needed to canonize Blessed Francisco and Jacinta Marto, two of the shepherd children who witnessed the Fatima Marian apparitions.
Surgeon and father among sainthood causes moving forward
Feb 27, 2017 - 11:03 am .- Pope Francis recognized on Monday the heroic virtue of eight persons on the path to canonization, including an Italian surgeon and father of eight who suffered from several painful diseases throughout his life.

8 Martyrs Move Closer to Sainthood 8 July, 2016
Posted by ZENIT Staff on 8 July, 2016

The angel appears to Saint Monica
This morning, Pope Francis received Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, Cardinal Angelo Amato. During the audience, he authorized the promulgation of decrees concerning the following causes:

***
MIRACLES:
Miracle attributed to the intercession of the Venerable Servant of God Luis Antonio Rosa Ormières, priest and founder of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Holy Guardian Angel; born July 4, 1809 and died on Jan. 16, 1890
MARTYRDOM:
Servants of God Antonio Arribas Hortigüela and 6 Companions, Missionaries of the Sacred Heart; killed in hatred of the Faith, Sept. 29, 1936
Servant of God Josef Mayr-Nusser, a layman; killed in hatred of the Faith, Feb. 24, 1945
HEROIC VIRTUE:

Servant of God Alfonse Gallegos of the Order of Augustinian Recollects, Titular Bishop of Sasabe, auxiliary of Sacramento; born Feb. 20, 1931 and died Oct. 6, 1991
Servant of God Rafael Sánchez García, diocesan priest; born June 14, 1911 and died on Aug. 8, 1973
Servant of God Andrés García Acosta, professed layman of the Order of Friars Minor; born Jan. 10, 1800 and died Jan. 14, 1853
Servant of God Joseph Marchetti, professed priest of the Congregation of the Missionaries of St. Charles; born Oct. 3, 1869 and died Dec. 14, 1896
Servant of God Giacomo Viale, professed priest of the Order of Friars Minor, pastor of Bordighera; born Feb. 28, 1830 and died April 16, 1912
Servant of God Maria Pia of the Cross (née Maddalena Notari), foundress of the Congregation of Crucified Sisters Adorers of the Eucharist; born Dec. 2, 1847 and died on July 1, 1919

Sunday, November 23 2014 Six to Be Canonized on Feast of Christ the King.

On the List Are Lay Founder of a Hospital and Eastern Catholic Religious
VATICAN CITY, June 12, 2014 (Zenit.org) - Today, the Vatican announced that during the celebration of the feast of Christ the King on Sunday, November 23, an ordinary public consistory will be held for the canonization of the following six blesseds, who include a lay founder of a hospital for the poor, founders of religious orders, and two members of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Holy See:
-Giovanni Antonio Farina (1803-1888), an Italian bishop who founded the Institute of the Sisters Teachers of Saint Dorothy, Daughters of the Sacred Hearts
-Kuriakose Elias Chavara (1805-1871), a Syro-Malabar priest in India who founded the Carmelites of Mary Immaculate
-Ludovico of Casoria (1814-1885), an Italian Franciscan priest who founded the Gray Sisters of St. Elizabeth
-Nicola Saggio (Nicola da Longobardi, 1650-1709), an Italian oblate of the Order of Minims
-Euphrasia Eluvathingal (1877-1952), an Indian Carmelite of the Syro-Malabar Church
-Amato Ronconi (1238-1304), an Italian, Third Order Franciscan who founded a hospital for poor pilgrims

CAUSES OF SAINTS July 2015.
Pope Recognizes Heroic Virtues of Ukrainian Archbishop
Recognition Brings Metropolitan Archbishop Andrey Sheptytsky Closer to Beatification
By Junno Arocho Esteves Rome, July 17, 2015 (ZENIT.org)
Pope Francis recognized the heroic virtues of Ukrainian Greek Catholic Archbishop Andrey Sheptytsky. According to a communique released by the Holy See Press Office, the Holy Father met this morning with Cardinal Angelo Amato, Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints.

The Pope also recognized the heroic virtues of several religious/lay men and women from Italy, Spain, France & Mexico.
Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky is considered to be one of the most influential 20th century figures in the history of the Ukrainian Church.
Enthroned as Metropolitan of Lviv in 1901, Archbishop Sheptytsky was arrested shortly after the outbreak of World War I in 1914 by the Russians. After his imprisonment in several prisons in Russia and the Ukraine, the Archbishop was released in 1918.

The Ukrainian Greek Catholic prelate was also an ardent supporter of the Jewish community in Ukraine, going so far as to learn Hebrew to better communicate with them. He also was a vocal protestor against atrocities committed by the Nazis, evidenced in his pastoral letter, "Thou Shalt Not Kill." He was also known to harbor thousands of Jews in his residence and in Greek Catholic monasteries.
Following his death in 1944, his cause for canonization was opened in 1958.
* * *
The Holy Father authorized the Congregation to promulgate the following decrees regarding the heroic virtues of:
- Servant of God Andrey Sheptytsky, O.S.B.M., major archbishop of Leopolis of the Ukrainians, metropolitan of Halyc (1865-1944);
- Servant of God Giuseppe Carraro, Bishop of Verona, Italy (1899-1980);
- Servant of God Agustin Ramirez Barba, Mexican diocesan priest and founder of the Servants of the Lord of Mercy (1881-1967);
- Servant of God Simpliciano della Nativita (ne Aniello Francesco Saverio Maresca), Italian professed priest of the Order of Friars Minor, founder of the Franciscan Sisters of the Sacred Hearts (1827-1898);
- Servant of God Maria del Refugio Aguilar y Torres del Cancino, Mexican founder of the Mercedarian Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament (1866-1937);
- Servant of God Marie-Charlotte Dupouy Bordes (Marie-Teresa), French professed religious of the Society of the Religious of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary (1873-1953);
- Servant of God Elisa Miceli, Italian founder of the Rural Catechist Sisters of the Sacred Heart (1904-1976);
- Servant of God Isabel Mendez Herrero (Isabel of Mary Immaculate), Spanish professed nun of the Servants of St. Joseph (1924-1953)

October 01, 2015 Vatican City, Pope Authorizes following Decrees
(ZENIT.org) By Staff Reporter
Polish Layperson Recognized as Servant of God
Pope Authorizes Decrees
Pope Francis on Wednesday authorised the Congregation for Saints' Causes to promulgate the following decrees:

MARTYRDOM
- Servant of God Valentin Palencia Marquina, Spanish diocesan priest, killed in hatred of the faith in Suances, Spain in 1937;

HEROIC VIRTUES
- Servant of God Giovanni Folci, Italian diocesan priest and founder of the Opera Divin Prigioniero (1890-1963);
- Servant of God Franciszek Blachnicki, Polish diocesan priest (1921-1987);
- Servant of God Jose Rivera Ramirez, Spanish diocesan priest (1925-1991);
- Servant of God Juan Manuel Martín del Campo, Mexican diocesan priest (1917-1996);
- Servant of God Antonio Filomeno Maria Losito, Italian professed priest of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (1838-1917);
- Servant of God Maria Benedetta Giuseppa Frey (nee Ersilia Penelope), Italian professed nun of the Cistercian Order (1836-1913);
- Servant of God Hanna Chrzanowska, Polish layperson, Oblate of the Ursulines of St. Benedict (1902-1973).

March 06 2016 MIRACLES authorised the Congregation to promulgate the following decrees:
Pope Francis received in a private audience Cardinal Angelo Amato, prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, during which he authorised the Congregation to promulgate the following decrees:
MIRACLES

– Blessed Manuel González García, bishop of Palencia, Spain, founder of the Eucharistic Missionaries of Nazareth (1877-1940);
– Blessed Elisabeth of the Trinity (née Elisabeth Catez), French professed religious of the Order of Discalced Carmelites (1880-1906);
– Venerable Servant of God Marie-Eugène of the Child Jesus (né Henri Grialou), French professed priest of the Order of Discalced Carmelites, founder of the Secular Institute “Notre-Dame de Vie” (1894-1967);
– Venerable Servant of God María Antonia of St. Joseph (née María Antonio de Paz y Figueroa), Argentine founder of the Beaterio of the Spiritual Exercise of Buenos Aires (1730-1799);
HEROIC VIRTUE

– Servant of God Stefano Ferrando, Italian professed priest of the Salesians, bishop of Shillong, India, founder of the Congregation of Missionary Sisters of Mary Help of Christians (1895-1978);
– Servant of God Enrico Battista Stanislao Verjus, Italian professed priest of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, coadjutor of the apostolic vicariate of New Guinea (1860-1892);
– Servant of God Giovanni Battista Quilici, Italian diocesan priest, founder of the Congregation of the Daughters of the Crucified (1791-1844);
– Servant of God Bernardo Mattio, Italian diocesan priest (1845-1914);
– Servant of God Quirico Pignalberi, Italian professed priest of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual (1891-1982);
– Servant of God Teodora Campostrini, Italian founder of the Minim Sisters of Charity of Our Lady of Sorrows (1788-1860);
– Servant of God Bianca Piccolomini Clementini, Italian founder of the Company of St. Angela Merici di Siena (1875-1959);
– Servant of God María Nieves of the Holy Family (née María Nieves Sánchez y Fernández), Spanish professed religious of the Daughters of Mary of the Pious Schools (1900-1978).

April 26 2016 MIRACLES authorised the Congregation to promulgate the following decrees:
Here is the full list of decrees approved by the Pope:

MIRACLES
– Blessed Alfonso Maria Fusco, diocesan priest and founder of the Congregation of the Sisters of St. John the Baptist (1839-1910);
– Venerable Servant of God John Sullivan, professed priest of the Society of Jesus (1861-1933);
MARTYRDOM
– Servants of God Nikolle Vinçenc Prennushi, O.F.M., archbishop of Durres, Albania, and 37 companions killed between 1945 and 1974;
– Servants of God José Antón Gómez and three companions of the Benedictines of Madrid, Spain, killed 1936;
HEROIC VIRTUES
– Servant of God Thomas Choe Yang-Eop, diocesan priest (1821-1861);
– Servant of God Sosio Del Prete (né Vincenzo), professed priest of the Order of Friars Minor, founder of the Congregation of the Little Servants of Christ the King (1885-1952);
– Servant of God Wenanty Katarzyniec (né Jósef), professed priest of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual (1889-1921);
– Servant of God Maria Consiglia of the Holy Spirity (née Emilia Paqualina Addatis), founder of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Addolorata, Servants of Mary (1845-1900);
– Servant of God Maria of the Incarnation (née Caterina Carrasco Tenorio), founder of the Congregation of the Franciscan Tertiary Sisters of the Flock of Mary (1840-1917);
– Servant of God , founder of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Family of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (1851-1923);
– Servant of God Ilia Corsaro, founder of the Congregation of the Little Missionaries of the Eucharist (1897-1977);
– Servant of God Maria Montserrat Grases García, layperson of the Personal Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei (1941-1959).

LINKS:
Marian Apparitions (over 2000) India Marian Shrine Lourdes of the East   Lourdes Feb 11- July 16, Loreto, Italy 1858
China Marian shrines May 23, 1995 Zarvintisya Ukraine Lourdes Kenya national Marian shrine    Quang Tri Vietnam La Vang 1798
Links to Related Marian Websites Angels and Archangels
Doctors_of_the_Church   Acts_Apostles Roman Catholic Popes Purgatory Uniates, 106 2023